Abstract

In the first decade of the twenty-first century, the People's Republic of China appears intent on becoming a responsible great power. Beijing continues to insist --- as it has for several decades --- that 'peace and development' are the key trends of the times. President Hu Jintao claims that China is focused on building a 'harmonious'' and 'moderately prosper- ous society'' at home and a 'harmonious world'' abroad. Beijing has taken great pains to stress that its growing power does not threaten any nation, and the world is witnessing China's 'peaceful rise' or 'peaceful development.' China is increasingly integrated into the global economy and embracing multilateralism in unprecedented ways. Yet, at the same time, observers are alternately alarmed and perplexed by the recurring harsh, threatening rhetoric of senior Chinese military leaders and the intermittent but provocative acts by the People's Liberation Army (PLA), as all branches of China's armed forces are collectively identified. Is there a civil-military gap in China's peaceful rise? The author suggests the answer is 'yes.'

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