Article,

Sulfur doped nanocrystalline diamond films as field enhancement based thermionic emitters and their role in energy conversion

, and .
Diamond and Related Materials, 14 (11-12): 2051--2054 (2005)doi = 10.1016/j.diamond.2005.09.001.

Abstract

Sulfur doped nanocrystalline diamond films, like other nanostructured carbon films, exhibit electron emission characterized by a spatial non-uniformity of the field enhancement factor. While field emission effects are observed at room temperature, an increase in emitter temperature is accompanied by an amplified emission current with a simultaneous drop in the threshold field. At low extraction fields a fit of the emission current to the Richardson equation indicates a material work function of ~2.5 eV. The Schottky formula describes thermionic emission at a moderate field and is utilized to determine the work function at an electric field of 0.8 V/mum with a value of ~1.7 eV and a concurrently reduced Richardson constant. This significant difference in the work function of 2.5 and 1.7 eV for 0.5 and 0.8V/mum, respectively can be attributed to field enhancement effects.

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