Abstract
The theory, characteristics, and experimental designs for detecting the
color force-bound quark-antiquark system called quarkonium are
discussed. The discovery of the psi-meson was the first evidence of a
nonrelativistic quark system, and is modeled as a bound system of
charmed quark and charmed antiquark, called charmonium. Still heavier
quarks systems have been discovered in bottomonium, with evidence of the
states naked charm and naked bottom. Net spin and total angular momentum
in quarkonium and singlet and doublet state configurations are reviewed,
and the annihilation of the reversed-charged pairs are noted to be
described by wave functions which yield the probability that the two
opposite charge particles in a system will coincide in one place.
Quantum chromodynamic descriptions are provided for the interactions
occurring between approaching quarks and their gluon-borne color forces,
and the detection of quarks in annihilation reactions, when virtual
particles are created in accordance with predictions, is outlined.
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