http://www.bibsonomy.org/burst/group/bioenergyworkshopBibSonomy BuRST Feed for /group/bioenergyworkshop2009-01-06T16:09:52+01:00Arbeit zeigt den Einfluss von Straßen auf die Bautenstrukturen von Hamstern in Hessen diesseits und jenseits von großen Straßen.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2de1a87d0763967eac6357a152dd34db4/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-08-29T14:00:33+02:00Infrastruktur Melanie_Richter Straße Cricetus_cricetus Richter Hamster Melanie Bau <span style="color:#555555;">Melanie <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Richter">Richter</a> </span><em>Professur f&#252;r Tier&#246;kologie, Justus-Liebig-Universit&#228;t, Gie&#223;en, </em>(<em>2008</em>)Fri Aug 29 14:00:33 CEST 2008Analyse räumlicher Zusammenhänge zum Feldhamster \it{Cricetus cricetus} in Hessen2008Infrastruktur Melanie_Richter Straße Cricetus_cricetus Richter Hamster Melanie Bau Eine einseitige Anleitung, wie eine Ooffice Literaturdatenbank aus JabRef oder BibSonomy exportiert und importiert werden kann.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2d4841a7228ffc7a84eb0117b62b800b0/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-08-08T14:15:59+02:00OpenOffice Literaturverzeichnis BibSonomy literature Literatur JabRef <span style="color:#555555;">Karin <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Nadrowski">Nadrowski</a> </span>(<em>2008</em>)Fri Aug 08 14:15:59 CEST 2008Anleitung Literaturverzeichnis Ooffice JabRef Bibsonomy2008OpenOffice Literaturverzeichnis BibSonomy literature Literatur JabRef http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/28c5a356c91c0ff9412afcf347641d26e/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-07-16T16:18:30+02:00scientific_communities SCOOP Wiki KnowWe BIOLOG <span style="color:#555555;">J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Baumeister">Baumeister</a> and Jochen <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Reutelshoefer">Reutelshoefer</a> and Fabian <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Haupt">Haupt</a> and Karin <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Nadrowski">Nadrowski</a> </span><em>Proceedings of 2nd Workshop on Scientific Communities of Practice (SCOOP), </em><em>Bremen, Germany, </em>(<em>2008</em>)Wed Jul 16 16:18:30 CEST 2008Bremen, GermanyProceedings of 2nd Workshop on Scientific Communities of Practice (SCOOP)Capture and Refactoring in Knowledge Wikis. Coping with the Knowledge Soup2008scientific_communities SCOOP Wiki KnowWe BIOLOG http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2936dde51342040786a9d14b2387605ae/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-07-11T11:31:04+02:00parasitism nematode <span style="color:#555555;">E. J. L. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Soulsby">Soulsby</a> </span><em>Lea &amp; Febiger, </em><em>Philadelphia, </em>(<em>1982</em>)Fri Jul 11 11:31:04 CEST 2008PhiladelphiaHelminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals1982parasitism nematode It's not the number, but length and fecundity that can be controlled by the hosthttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2150b4bb5f000f90c44f08c3be4aa2ff5/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-07-11T11:23:40+02:00parasitism nematode sheep <span style="color:#555555;">M. J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Stear">Stear</a> and K. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Bairden">Bairden</a> and J. L. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Duncan">Duncan</a> and P. H. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Holmes">Holmes</a> and Q. A. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/McKellar">McKellar</a> and M. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Park">Park</a> and S. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Strain">Strain</a> and M. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Murray">Murray</a> and S. C. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Bishop">Bishop</a> and G. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Gettinby">Gettinby</a> </span><em>Nature</em><em>389(6646):27--27</em><em>September1997. </em>Fri Jul 11 11:23:40 CEST 2008NatureSeptember664627--27How hosts control worms3891997parasitism nematode sheep http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2b51a0dae599da04310050918bcbdaa51/bioenergyworkshopbioenergyworkshop2008-07-09T15:16:44+02:00Projekt Energiepflanzen <span style="color:#555555;">Willms <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Strauss">Strauss</a> </span>(<em>2008</em>)Wed Jul 09 15:16:44 CEST 2008Aspekte aus dem Verbundprojekt EVA2008Projekt Energiepflanzen http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2ff211d65ef2f7ac3dc5c317f5116139b/bioenergyworkshopbioenergyworkshop2008-07-07T16:23:07+02:00Biomasseanbau Biomasse Nutzungskonkurrenz Deutschland <span style="color:#555555;">Wuppertal Institut f&#252;r Klima Umwelt <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Energie">Energie</a> </span>(<em>2008</em>)Mon Jul 07 16:23:07 CEST 2008Nutzungskonkurrenzen bei Biomasse2008Biomasseanbau Biomasse Nutzungskonkurrenz Deutschland Life history strategy and ecosystem impact of a small mammal herbivore in a mountain steppehttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2af6da0c7c096dd2cbd219a77114765cb/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-07-05T21:46:11+02:00pika Nadrowski Gobi Mongolia dissertation Ochotona_pallasi Ochotona <span style="color:#555555;">Karin <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Nadrowski">Nadrowski</a> </span><em>Fachbereich Geographie, Universit&#228;t Marburg, </em>(<em>2006</em>)Sat Jul 05 21:46:11 CEST 2008Life history strategy and ecosystem impact of a small mammal herbivore in a mountain steppe2006pika Nadrowski Gobi Mongolia dissertation Ochotona_pallasi Ochotona Kurzfassung in Englisch: Pikas (genus Ochotona) were suspected to possibly behave as „small mammal pests" in the mountain steppes of the Gobi Gurvan Saikhan National Conservation Park (GGS) in the Mongolian Gobi Altai. The present study shows that the Mongolian pika (Ochotona pallasi pricei ), a subspecies of the Pallas pika, is the dominant small mammal species in the mountain steppes of the GGS. It outnumbered other small mammals by one order of magnitude and outweighed them by two of them. Data on capture and observation are available for three summers and one winter from a trapping grid of 100x100m2, including a summer of drought. Data based on observation was more reliable in terms of encounter success than data based on capture. Captured juveniles were discriminated from adults using information on the development of their weight. An average adult weight was estimated to range between 180 and 200 g. Possible scenarios for dynamics of population densities were simulated using a system of Leslie-matrices based on estimates for survival and reproduction of the observed individuals. Survival rates were estimated using maximum likelihood techniques with competing models for survival and recapture probabilities. The most parsimonious model included effects of population density, age, and sex on survival, while there was no effect of cohort affiliation nor climatic factors season and drought. Generally, adults showed higher survival rates than juveniles, females showed higher survival rates than males, and survival declined with density. Estimates for reproduction were based on the observations of litter number and size, resulting in a maximum of 13 juveniles per female pika. Simulated population densities were similar to the measured population densities, but did not reflect the effects of the year of drought. Population densities were measured using pooled data from capture and observation sessions. In the study period pika densities varied between 14.6 and 49.8 individuals per ha. Median density was 21.4 animals, which is less than the 28 burrows on the trapping site. Lowest densities were reached one year after the summer of drought, indicating a time lag of one year in the response to the drought conditions. Comparing reproductive effort, factors influencing survival rates, and density dynamics of the Mongolian pika with other species of the genus shows that this species exhibits traits of the group of non-burrowing pikas, which are closer to a K-type of life history strategy than the group of burrowing pikas. Density dependent survival indicates that burrow possession may be crucial for survival. Ecosystem impact of the pikas was assessed studying the productivity of the burrow habitat in comparison to steppe habitat together with the effect of grazing by pikas and by larger herbivores. Productivity and biomass removal was measured using exclosure plots on burrow and steppe habitat. Burrows showed higher productivity than steppe habitats when water availability was higher. The grass Agropyron cristatum profited most from the burrow habitat in terms of biomass and quality. This grass is an important fodder plant for livestock. An effect of livestock grazing was missed by the experiment. The productivity of the vegetation was controlled by the availability of moisture, not by pika grazing, although individual pikas removed more biomass, when it was available. This biomass is probably stored in the burrows. Pikas preferentially grazed Agropyron cristatum on burrow plots. Burrows were estimated to last 120 years at least. The studied system behaved according to the prediction based on the non-equilibrium theory of rangeland dynamics: plant productivity was controlled by climatic conditions, as was the density of the herbivores. However, although pika densities varied, there were upper and lower limits to this variation made possible by the territorial behaviour of the animals. Possession of territories together with harvesting plant material enables the species to mitigate climatic inter-annual variability. Pika burrow densities were controlled by altitude and thus probably by the longterm availability of plant biomass. Livestock densities had only a small effect on burrow densities. However, this effect changed at the pediment angle separating pediments from the mountain ranges, indicating a change of system behaviour. The present study shows that the Mongolian pika cannot be seen as „small mammal pest" species, since its densities are controlled by the availability of burrows and it has a positive influence on pasture quality. Kurzfassung in Deutsch: Kleinsäuger der Gattung Pfeifhasen (Ochotona) wurden verdächtigt, als „Plagen" in den Bergsteppen des Gobi Gurvan Saikhan Nationalparks im mongolischen Gobi Altai aufzutreten. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt dass der Mongolische Pfeifhase (Ochotona pallasi pricei), eine Unterart des Pallas Pfeifhasen, die dominierende Kleinsäugerart in den Bergsteppen des GGS ist. Sie übertrifft die anderen Kleinsäuger um eine Größenordnung in der Anzahl und um zwei Größenordnungen im Gewicht. Über den Zeitraum von drei Sommern und einem Winter wurden vom Jahr 2000 bis zum Jahr 2002 Informationen zu den markierten Tieren mithilfe von Fallenfang und Beobachtung auf einer 100x100m2 großen Untersuchungsfläche gesammelt. Der Zeitraum der Untersuchungen schloss eine strenge Dürre im Sommer 2001 mit ein. Juvenile Tiere konnten aufgrund ihrer Gewichtsentwicklung von Adulten unterschieden werden. Ein durchschnittliches Adultgewicht wurde zwischen 180 und 200 g geschätzt. In einem Matrixmodell der Populationsdynamik wurden Ergebnisse zu Überlebensraten und Reproduktionsraten der beobachteten Individuen zusammengefasst. Überlebensraten wurden mit Maximum-Likelihood-Methoden ermittelt, wobei verschiedene Modelle mit Überlebens- und Wiederfangraten miteinander konkurrierten. Das sparsamste Modell beinhaltete Populationsdichte, Alter, und Geschlecht als Einflussgrößen für Überlebensraten, nicht aber die Zugehörigkeit zu einer bestimmten Kohorte oder die klimatischen Faktoren Saisonalität und Dürre. Generell zeigten adulte Tiere höhere Überlebensraten als juvenile, Weibchen höhere als Männchen und die Überlebensrate sank mit der Populationsdichte. Reproduktionsraten wurden basierend auf Beobachtungen zur Anzahl und Größe der Würfe geschätzt. Dies ergab einen Median von drei Juvenilen und ein Maximum von dreizehn Juvenilen pro Weibchen. Obwohl die simulierten und die gemessenen Populationsdichten vergleichbare Größenordnungen hatten, konnten das Matrixmodell die Auswirkungen der Dürre auf die Populationsdichte nicht abbilden. Populationsdichten wurden mithilfe der aus Fang und Beobachtung zusammengelegten Daten gemessen. Populationsdichten schwankten zwischen 14.6 und 49.8 Individuen pro ha. Der Median der Dichten lag mit 21.4 Tieren unterhalb der Anzahl der Bauten auf der Untersuchungsfläche (28 Bauten pro ha). Die niedrigsten Dichten wurden im Jahr nach der Dürre gemessen. Dies macht einen Verzögerungseffekt der Dürrebedingungen um ein Jahr wahrscheinlich. Werden reproduktiver Einsatz, die Einflussgrößen der Überlebensraten und die Entwicklung der Populationsdichten des Mongolischen Pfeifhasen verglichen mit dem anderer Arten der Gattung, so zeigt diese Art Eigenschaften aus der Gruppe der „nichtgrabenden" Pfeifhasen, die näher einem K-Typ von Überlebensstrategien stehen. Die Dichteabhängigkeit der Überlebensraten legt nahe, dass der Besitz eines Baus entscheidend für das Überleben von Individuen ist. Über die Produktivität der Bauten im Vergleich zur Steppe wurde der Einfluss der Pfeifhasen auf das Ökosystem abgeschätzt. Gleichzeitig wurde die Beweidung durch Pfeifhasen und größere Herbivoren untersucht. Dazu wurde ein Ausschlussexperiment genutzt. Auf Bauten war die Produktivität dann höher, wenn auch mehr Feuchtigkeit vorhanden war. Das Gras Agropyron cristatum profitierte am meisten von den Bedingungen auf Bauten bezüglich Biomassezuwachs und Qualität der Biomasse. Eine Beweidung durch größere Herbivore konnte von diesem Experiment nicht nachgewiesen werden. Pfeifhasen ernteten zwischen 10 und 35% der vorhandenen Biomasse, wobei Agropyron cristatum auf den Bauten bevorzugt wurde. Der Biomassezuwachs der Vegetation wurde allerdings vom Niederschlag begrenzt, nicht durch den Effekt der Beweidung. Das untersuchte Ökosystem bestätigte die Vorhersagen, die auf der Theorie einer Nichtgleichgewichtsdynamik von Weideland basieren: Sowohl die Produktivität der Vegetation als auch die Dichte der Herbivoren wurde von der klimatischen Variabilität kontrolliert. Allerdings variierten die Pfeifhasendichten nicht stark, es gab untere und obere Grenzen der Schwankungen. Diese Grenzen werden durch das territoriale Verhalten der Tiere ermöglicht. Der Besitz eines Territoriums zusammen mit dem Ernten pflanzlicher Biomasse ermöglicht es der Art, die Auswirkungen der inter-annuellen klimatischen Variabilität zu mildern. Eine Bauten-Lebensdauer wurde auf mindestens 120 Jahren geschätzt. Bautendichten von Pfeifhasen wurden von der Höhenlage beeinflusst und damit wahrscheinlich von der Langzeitverfügbarkeit von Biomasse. Viehdichten dagegen haben nur einen kleinen Einfluss auf Bautendichten von Pfeifhasen. Mongolische Pfeifhasen (Ochotona pallasi pricei) kommen somit nicht als „Kleinsäugerplage" in Betracht, da ihre Populationsdichten durch die Anzahl der Bauten begrenzt werden und sie die Weidequalität positiv beeinflussen.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24c12c72804222a6c2877b8f7fd698084/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-07-03T11:01:43+02:00species_richness species_accumulation species_area_relationship diversity Gotelli rarefaction <span style="color:#555555;">N. J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Gotelli">Gotelli</a> and R. K. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Colwell">Colwell</a> </span><em>Ecol. Lett.</em><em>4(4):379 - 391</em>(<em>2001</em>)Thu Jul 03 11:01:43 CEST 2008Ecol. Lett.4379 - 391Quantifying biodiversity: procedures and pitfalls in the measurement and comparison of species richness42001species_richness species_accumulation species_area_relationship diversity Gotelli rarefaction Species richness is a fundamental measurement of community and regional diversity, and it underlies many ecological models and conservation strategies. In spite of its importance, ecologists have not always appreciated the effects of abundance and sampling effort on richness measures and comparisons. We survey a series of common pitfalls in quantifying and comparing taxon richness. These pitfalls can be largely avoided by using accumulation and rarefaction curves, which may be based on either individuals or samples. These taxon sampling curves contain the basic information for valid richness comparisons, including category-subcategory ratios (species-to-genus and species-to-individual ratios). Rarefaction methods - both sample-based and individual-based - allow for meaningful standardization and comparison of datasets. Standardizing data sets by area or sampling effort may produce very different results compared to standardizing by number of individuals collected, and it is not always clear which measure of diversity is more appropriate. Asymptotic richness estimators provide lower-bound estimates for taxon-rich groups such as tropical arthropods, in which observed richness rarely reaches an asymptote, despite intensive sampling. Recent examples of diversity studies of tropical trees, stream invertebrates, and herbaceous plants emphasize the importance of carefully quantifying species richness using taxon sampling curves.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/282a4d6a25e84f3205d8a41398ec17514/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-07-03T10:58:59+02:00species_accumulation additive_partitioning species_area_relationship diversity biodiversity rarefaction <span style="color:#555555;">Thomas O. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Crist">Crist</a> and Joseph A. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Veech">Veech</a> </span><em>Ecology Letters</em><em>9(8):923-932</em>(<em>2006</em>)Thu Jul 03 10:58:59 CEST 2008Ecology Letters8923-932Additive partitioning of rarefaction curves and species-area relationships: unifying alpha, betha- and gamma-diversity with sample size and habitat areas92006species_accumulation additive_partitioning species_area_relationship diversity biodiversity rarefaction Abstract Additive partitioning of species diversity is widely applicable to different kinds of sampling regimes at multiple spatial and temporal scales. In additive partitioning, the diversity within and among samples (alpha and beta) is expressed in the same units of species richness, thus allowing direct comparison of alpha and beta. Despite its broad applicability, there are few demonstrated linkages between additive partitioning and other approaches to analysing diversity. Here, we establish several connections between diversity partitions and patterns of habitat occupancy, rarefaction, and species-area relationships. We show that observed partitions of species richness are equivalent to sample-based rarefaction curves, and expected partitions from randomization tests are approximately equivalent to individual-based rarefaction. Additive partitions can also be applied to species-area relationships to determine the relative contributions of factors influencing the beta-diversity among habitat fragments.Birds and serviceshttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2f3303fc285289e06d2ef9ae429633b20/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-07-03T10:35:35+02:00bird ecoystem biodiversity bird_decline extinction seeds forest ecology pollination dispersal <span style="color:#555555;">C. H. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Sekercioglu">Sekercioglu</a> and G. C. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Daily">Daily</a> and P. R. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Ehrlich">Ehrlich</a> </span><em>Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America</em><em>101(52):18042--18047</em><em>December2004. </em>Thu Jul 03 10:35:35 CEST 2008Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of AmericaDecember5218042--18047Ecosystem consequences of bird declines1012004bird ecoystem biodiversity bird_decline extinction seeds forest ecology pollination dispersal We present a general framework for characterizing the ecological and societal consequences of biodiversity loss and applying it to the global avifauna. To investigate the potential ecological consequences of avian declines, we developed comprehensive databases of the status and functional roles of birds and a stochastic model for forecasting change. Overall, 21% of bird species are currently extinction-prone and 6.5% are functionally extinct, contributing negligibly to ecosystem processes. We show that a quarter or more of frugivorous and omnivorous species and one-third or more of herbivorous, piscivorous, and scavenger species are extinction-prone. Furthermore, our projections indicate that by 2100, 6-14% of all bird species will be extinct, and 7-25% (28-56% on oceanic islands) will be functionally extinct. Important ecosystem processes, particularly decomposition, pollination, and seed dispersal, will likely decline as a result.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2e3ac77e738e482dfd2cd7a33f69317dd/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-07-02T17:20:52+02:00predator biodiversity biodiversity_surrogates biodiversity_loss birds <span style="color:#555555;">Mar <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Cabeza">Cabeza</a> and Anni <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Arponen">Arponen</a> and Astrid Van <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Teeffelen">Teeffelen</a> </span><em>Journal of Applied Ecology</em><em>45(3):976--980</em>(<em>2008</em>)Wed Jul 02 17:20:52 CEST 2008Journal of Applied Ecology3976--980Top predators: hot or not? A call for systematic assessment of biodiversity surrogates452008predator biodiversity biodiversity_surrogates biodiversity_loss birds Sergio et al. (2006) argue that top predators are justified conservation surrogates based on a case study where raptor presence is associated with high species richness of birds, butterflies and trees. We question the methodology as well as the applicability of their results, and clarify differences between surrogates for biodiversity hotspots and surrogates for complementarity. We show that the results from Sergio et al. related to richness hotspots are not fully reliable and that the ability of top predators to identify complementary areas is not demonstrated. Given that complementarity-based surrogate studies have produced mixed results for a variety of reasons, we clarify some methodological misunderstandings while encouraging further testing of functional groups as biodiversity surrogates. Synthesis and applications. We call for caution in making generalizations, and emphasize that case studies on the use of surrogates should be conducted in a systematic manner. This will facilitate robust assessment across studies regarding the usefulness of particular species groups as biodiversity surrogates. Journal of Applied Ecology (2007) doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01364.xhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2e19541f05831a503b86fc61d3573479b/bioenergyworkshopbioenergyworkshop2008-06-24T15:23:29+02:00Bayern Ökonomie Deutschland Energiepflanzenanbau <span style="color:#555555;">Jochen <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Kantelhardt">Kantelhardt</a> </span>(<em>2008</em>)Tue Jun 24 15:23:29 CEST 2008Impulsvortrag zur Wirtschaftlichkeit des Energiepflanzenanbaus2008Bayern Ökonomie Deutschland Energiepflanzenanbau Applied Spatial Data Analysis with Rhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2f917f29b3d8920788041d0564a3e45e4/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-06-19T16:22:54+02:00Bivand R spatial_statistics statistics <span style="color:#555555;">Roger S. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Bivand">Bivand</a> and Edzer J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Pebesma">Pebesma</a> and Virgilio. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Gómez-Rubio">G&#243;mez-Rubio</a> </span><em>Springer, </em><em>New York; London, </em>(<em>2008</em>)Thu Jun 19 16:22:54 CEST 2008New York; LondonApplied spatial data analysis with R--Applied spatial data analysis with R2008Bivand R spatial_statistics statistics http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/20962da8b357fc6dfc0921746f3d813c8/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-06-19T14:04:36+02:00biodiversity fragmentation Cricetus_cricetus <span style="color:#555555;">David B. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Lindenmayer">Lindenmayer</a> and Joern <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Fischer">Fischer</a> </span><em>Trends in Ecology \&amp; Evolution</em><em>22(3):127--132</em><em>March2007. </em>Thu Jun 19 14:04:36 CEST 2008Trends in Ecology \& EvolutionMarch3127--132Tackling the habitat fragmentation panchreston222007biodiversity fragmentation Cricetus_cricetus The term [`]habitat fragmentation' is often used inconsistently and as a broad umbrella for many patterns and processes that accompany landscape change. This has made it a panchreston or an explanation or theory used in such a variety of ways as to become meaningless. The panchreston problem has hampered efforts to understand and mitigate the negative impacts of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity, and has contributed to several largely unproductive debates. To overcome the panchreston problem, we suggest that the focus of future work needs to be specified more clearly within several key themes that comprise the broad domain of habitat fragmentation. Here, we outline three of these key themes and provide unambiguous terminology to help overcome the panchreston problem.may be interesting for fragmentationhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2cda7ec66dad0826e4a806cfc53496968/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-06-19T13:57:22+02:00eigenvalue_effective_size matrix_analysis biodiversity stochastic_patch_occupancy_model fragmentation Cricetus_cricetus connectivity SPOM landscape metapopulation <span style="color:#555555;">Laurent <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Lehmann">Lehmann</a> and Nicolas <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Perrin">Perrin</a> </span><em>Ecology</em><em>87(7):1844--1855</em><em>July2006. </em>Thu Jun 19 13:57:22 CEST 2008EcologyJuly71844--1855ON METAPOPULATION RESISTANCE TO DRIFT AND EXTINCTION872006eigenvalue_effective_size matrix_analysis biodiversity stochastic_patch_occupancy_model fragmentation Cricetus_cricetus connectivity SPOM landscape metapopulation The spatial configuration of metapopulations (numbers, sizes, and localization of patches) affects their ability to resist demographic extinction and genetic drift, but sometimes with opposite effects. Small and isolated patches, for instance, contribute marginally to demography but may play a large role in genetics by maintaining a sizeable amount of genetic variance among demes. In source&#8211;sink systems, similarly, connectivity may be beneficial in terms of effective size, but detrimental in terms of survival, by lowering the reproductive value of source populations. How to reconcile these opposite effects? Here we propose an analytical framework that integrates fixation time (ability to resist genetic drift) and extinction time (ability to resist demographic extinction) into a single index of resistance, measuring the ability of a metapopulation to maintain its demo-genetic integrity. We then illustrate with numerical examples how conflicting demands may be resolved.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/29a758eecd828d8b169a0cd3b69998a20/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-06-17T22:45:07+02:00mammals species_richness mammalogy mammal_assemblage variance biogeography mammal <span style="color:#555555;">Joaquin <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Hortal">Hortal</a> and Jesus <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Rodriguez">Rodriguez</a> and Manuel <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Nieto-Diaz">Nieto-Diaz</a> and Jorge M. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Lobo">Lobo</a> </span><em>Journal of Biogeography</em><em>35(7):1202-1214</em>(<em>2008</em>)Tue Jun 17 22:45:07 CEST 2008Journal of Biogeography71202-1214Regional and environmental effects on the species richness of mammal assemblages352008mammals species_richness mammalogy mammal_assemblage variance biogeography mammal Abstract Aim Variation in species richness has been related to (1) environmental conditions (water, energy and habitat characteristics) and (2) regional differences (contingent historical events and regional particularities that result in differences between regional faunas acting at broad extents). Whereas climatic factors have been widely studied, the effects of regional differences are less often quantified. This work aims to characterize global trends in the species richness of mammal assemblages with respect to both current and historical influences. Location All terrestrial biogeographical realms except Antarctica. Methods Species richness in checklists from 224 sites distributed worldwide were investigated by partitioning the variation between a general set of habitat/climate factors, biogeographical regions, and their overlaps. Additional analyses studied the specific overlaps of region, water and energy. Data were also divided according to area to determine if the strength of these effects varies according to the size of sites. Results Environmental effects explained 38% of richness variation across all sites, whereas environmentally independent regional effects explained 11% and the overlap between region and environment explained 13%. Results were similar when only larger sites (between 1000 km2 and 10,000 km2) were considered. However, the importance of the overlap between region and all environmental variables was greater in smaller sites (between 100 km2 and 1000 km2). In contrast, the specific importance of water and energy variables and their overlap with region was greater in larger sites. The strength of the independent effect of region remained almost invariant regardless of the size of the sites studied. Main conclusions The relationship between species richness and climate varies with scale and among regions. Although environmental variables are the strongest correlates of richness, the unique history and physiographic characteristics of a region produce differences between the richness of mammal assemblages and their response to environmental gradients. The importance of environmental variables varies with scale: climatic gradients are more important at coarse grain (larger sites), possibly as a result of their effects on species ranges, whereas habitat type is more important at the smaller sites, where the importance of ecological interactions increases. Therefore, regional differences and the scale at which richness is measured should be taken into account when evaluating species richness-energy hypotheses. Deutscher Artikel über den Feldhamster als "tierischen Überträger des Schlamm-Feldfiebers"http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2ad83ac980da8dfb504a83fc1e3fbe613/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-06-17T09:50:36+02:00Feldhamster parasitism Infektionsquelle vector Leptospiren Cricetus_cricetus Schlamm-Fieber <span style="color:#555555;">Hanspeter <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Mochmann">Mochmann</a> </span>(<em>1957</em>)Tue Jun 17 09:50:36 CEST 2008Die Bedeutung des Feldhamsters (Cricetus cricetus) als Infektonasquelle des Schlamm-Feldfiebers1957Feldhamster parasitism Infektionsquelle vector Leptospiren Cricetus_cricetus Schlamm-Fieber Ebook on ecological economics. Bob Costanza mentioned in Salzau 2008, that they would revise the book online in the encyclopedia of earth.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/23f1d49b62cface3ddf29813301b1a7f8/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-06-14T22:15:23+02:00Costanza economy ecology ecosystem_service ebook <span style="color:#555555;"> </span><em>St. Lucie Press and International Society for Ecological Economics, </em>(<em>1997</em>)Sat Jun 14 22:15:23 CEST 2008An Introduction to Ecological Economics (e-book)1997Costanza economy ecology ecosystem_service ebook http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2500af97482f4182127c0ff8518e445c4/karinnadrowskikarinnadrowski2008-06-13T18:24:21+02:00biodiversity Sutherland horizon_scanning <span style="color:#555555;">William J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Sutherland">Sutherland</a> and Mark J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Bailey">Bailey</a> and Ian P. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Bainbridge">Bainbridge</a> and Tom <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Brereton">Brereton</a> and Jaimie T. A. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Dick">Dick</a> and Joanna <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Drewitt">Drewitt</a> and Nicholas K. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Dulvy">Dulvy</a> and Nicholas R. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Dusic">Dusic</a> and Robert P. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Freckleton">Freckleton</a> and Kevin J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Gaston">Gaston</a> and Pam M. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Gilder">Gilder</a> and Rhys E. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Green">Green</a> and A. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Louise Heathwaite">Louise Heathwaite</a> and Sally M. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Johnson">Johnson</a> and David W. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Macdonald">Macdonald</a> and Roger <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Mitchell">Mitchell</a> and Daniel <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Osborn">Osborn</a> and Roger P. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Owen">Owen</a> and Jules <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Pretty">Pretty</a> and Stephanie V. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Prior">Prior</a> and Havard <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Prosser">Prosser</a> and Andrew S. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Pullin">Pullin</a> and Paul <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Rose">Rose</a> and Andrew <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Stott">Stott</a> and Tom <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Tew">Tew</a> and Chris D. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Thomas">Thomas</a> and Des B. A. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Thompson">Thompson</a> and Juliet A. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Vickery">Vickery</a> and Matt <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Walker">Walker</a> and Clive <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Walmsley">Walmsley</a> and Stuart <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Warrington">Warrington</a> and Andrew R. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Watkinson">Watkinson</a> and Rich J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Williams">Williams</a> and Rosie <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Woodroffe">Woodroffe</a> and Harry J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Woodroof">Woodroof</a> </span><em>Journal of Applied Ecology</em><em>0(0):???-???</em>(<em>2008</em>)Fri Jun 13 18:24:21 CEST 2008Journal of Applied Ecology0???-???Future novel threats and opportunities facing UK biodiversity identified by horizon scanning02008biodiversity Sutherland horizon_scanning Summary 1. Horizon scanning is an essential tool for environmental scientists if they are to contribute to the evidence base for Government, its agencies and other decision makers to devise and implement environmental policies. The implication of not foreseeing issues that are foreseeable is illustrated by the contentious responses to genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops in the UK, and by challenges surrounding biofuels, foot and mouth disease, avian influenza and climate change. 2. A total of 35 representatives from organizations involved in environmental policy, academia, scientific journalism and horizon scanning were asked to use wide consultation to identify the future novel or step changes in threats to, and opportunities for, biodiversity that might arise in the UK up to 2050, but that had not been important in the recent past. At least 452 people were consulted. 3. Cases for 195 submitted issues were distributed to all participants for comments and additions. All issues were scored (probability, hazard, novelty and overall score) prior to a 2-day workshop. Shortlisting to 41 issues and then the final 25 issues, together with refinement of these issues, took place at the workshop during another two rounds of discussion and scoring. 4. We provide summaries of the 25 shortlisted issues and outline the research needs. 5. We suggest that horizon scanning incorporating wide consultation with providers and users of environmental science is used by environmental policy makers and researchers. This can be used to identify gaps in knowledge and policy, and to identify future key issues for biodiversity, including those arising from outside the domains of ecology and biodiversity. 6. Synthesis and applications. Horizon scanning can be used by environmental policy makers and researchers to identify gaps in knowledge and policy. Drawing on the experience, expertise and research of policy advisors, academics and journalists, this exercise helps set the agenda for policy, practice and research.