http://www.bibsonomy.org/burst/group/ifzBibSonomy BuRST Feed for /group/ifz2009-01-06T16:01:43+01:00http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/21bf8aacfb15b1586f6ce4c240b01aeee/molcellphysiomolcellphysio2008-12-12T16:43:23+01:00Animals Probability Recombinant_Proteins Xenopus_laevis Ion_Channel_Gating Stress Rats Sodium Epithelial_Sodium_Channel Mechanical Xenopus_Proteins Oocytes Female Biological_Transport Patch-Clamp_Techniques <span style="color:#555555;">Mike <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Althaus">Althaus</a> and Roman <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Bogdan">Bogdan</a> and Wolfgang G <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Clauss">Clauss</a> and Martin <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Fronius">Fronius</a> </span><em>The FASEB Journal: Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology</em><em>August2007. </em><em>PMID: 17426066 . </em>Fri Dec 12 16:43:23 CET 2008The FASEB Journal: Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental BiologyAugustPMID: 174260662389-99Mechano-sensitivity of epithelial sodium channels (ENaCs): laminar shear stress increases ion channel open probability212007Animals Probability Recombinant_Proteins Xenopus_laevis Ion_Channel_Gating Stress Rats Sodium Epithelial_Sodium_Channel Mechanical Xenopus_Proteins Oocytes Female Biological_Transport Patch-Clamp_Techniques Epithelial cells are exposed to a variety of mechanical forces, but little is known about the impact of these forces on epithelial ion channels. Here we show that mechanical activation of epithelial sodium channels (ENaCs), which are essential for electrolyte and water balance, occurs via an increased ion channel open probability. ENaC activity of heterologously expressed rat (rENaC) and Xenopus (xENaC) orthologs was measured by whole-cell as well as single-channel recordings. Laminar shear stress (LSS), producing shear forces in physiologically relevant ranges, was used to mechanically stimulate ENaCs and was able to activate ENaC currents in whole-cell recordings. Preceding pharmacological activation of rENaC with Zn2+ and xENaC with gadolinium and glibenclamide largely prevented LSS-activated currents. In contrast, proteolytic cleavage with trypsin potentiated the LSS effect on rENaC whereas the LSS effect on xENaC was reversed (inhibition of xENaC current). Further, we found that exposure of excised outside-out patches to LSS led to an increased ion channel open probability without affecting the number of active channels. We suggest that mechano-sensitivity of ENaC may represent a ubiquitous feature for the physiology of epithelia, providing a putative mechanism for coupling transepithelial Na+ reabsorption to luminal transport.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/234ae4e63edf964f324180615e15ced88/molcellphysiomolcellphysio2008-12-12T16:43:23+01:00Animals Epithelial_Sodium_Channel Cellular Mechanical Quaternary Ion_Channel_Gating Humans Stress Protein_Structure Mechanotransduction Epithelial_Cells <span style="color:#555555;">Martin <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Fronius">Fronius</a> and Wolfgang G <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Clauss">Clauss</a> </span><em>Pfl&#252;gers Archiv: European Journal of Physiology</em><em>February2008. </em><em>PMID: 17874325 . </em>Fri Dec 12 16:43:23 CET 2008Pflügers Archiv: European Journal of PhysiologyFebruaryPMID: 17874325775-85Mechano-sensitivity of ENaC: may the (shear) force be with you4552008Animals Epithelial_Sodium_Channel Cellular Mechanical Quaternary Ion_Channel_Gating Humans Stress Protein_Structure Mechanotransduction Epithelial_Cells The epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) is the rate-limiting step for Na+ absorption in various vertebrate epithelia and deeply enmeshed in the control of salt and water homeostasis. The phylogenetic relationship of ENaC molecules to mechano-sensitive Degenerins from Caenorhabditis elegans indicates that ENaC might be mechano-sensitive as well. Primarily, it was suggested that ENaC might be activated by membrane stretch. However, this issue still remains to be clarified because controversial results were published. Recent publications indicate that shear stress represents an adequate stimulus, activating ENaC via increasing the single-channel open probability. Basing on the experimental evidence published within the past years and integrating this knowledge into a model related to the mechano-sensitive receptor complex known from C. elegans, we introduce a putative mechanism concerning the mechano-sensitivity of ENaC. We suggest that mechano-sensitive ENaC activation represents a nonhormonal regulatory mechanism. This feature could be of considerable physiological significance because many Na+-absorbing epithelia are exposed to shear forces. Furthermore, it may explain the wide distribution of ENaC proteins in nonepithelial tissues. Nevertheless, it remains a challenge for future studies to explore the mechanism how ENaC is controlled by mechanical forces and shear stress in particular.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/212d1fa30336386463381e4e8807aa312/molcellphysiomolcellphysio2008-12-12T16:43:23+01:00Central Animals Xenopus_laevis Reverse_Transcriptase_Polymerase_Chain_Reaction Chlorzoxazone Chlorides Electrophysiology Cystic_Fibrosis_Transmembrane_Conductance_Regulator DNA_Primers RNA Lung Kinetics Respiratory_Mucosa DNA Nitrobenzoates Female Muscle_Relaxants <span style="color:#555555;">Dagmar <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Sommer">Sommer</a> and Roman <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Bogdan">Bogdan</a> and Jens <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Berger">Berger</a> and Dorothea M <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Peters">Peters</a> and Rory E <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Morty">Morty</a> and Wolfgang G <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Clauss">Clauss</a> and Martin <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Fronius">Fronius</a> </span><em>Respiratory Physiology \&amp; Neurobiology</em><em>August2007. </em><em>PMID: 17490919 . </em>Fri Dec 12 16:43:23 CET 2008Respiratory Physiology \& NeurobiologyAugustPMID: 1749091997-106CFTR-dependent Cl- secretion in Xenopus laevis lung epithelium1582007Central Animals Xenopus_laevis Reverse_Transcriptase_Polymerase_Chain_Reaction Chlorzoxazone Chlorides Electrophysiology Cystic_Fibrosis_Transmembrane_Conductance_Regulator DNA_Primers RNA Lung Kinetics Respiratory_Mucosa DNA Nitrobenzoates Female Muscle_Relaxants In our present study we used preparations from Xenopus laevis lungs to perform electrophysiological Ussing chamber measurements, unidirectional flux measurements, and employed molecular approaches to elucidate the presence and function of a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) homolog in this tissue. Application of different CFTR blockers (NPPB (5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid), niflumic acid (NFA), glibenclamide, lonidamine, CFTR(inh)-172) to the apical side of the tissues was able to significantly decrease the measured short circuit current (I(SC)) indicating a Cl(-) secretion due to luminal located CFTR channels. This was further supported by a net (36)Cl(-) secretion determined by radioactive tracer flux experiments. Further, Xenopus pulmonary epithelia responded to apical chlorzoxazone exposure - a CFTR activator - and this activated current was inhibited by CFTR(inh)-172. We performed reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis and with both approaches we found characteristic signals indicating the presence of a CFTR homolog in Xenopus lung. In addition, we were able to detect CFTR in apical membranes of Xenopus lung slices with immunohistological techniques. We conclude that Xenopus lung epithelium exhibits functional CFTR channels and that this tissue represents a valuable model for the investigation of ion transport properties in pulmonary epithelia.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/237ce2ea1143b92d4b800ed39dc91a185/gensoilmicrobiogensoilmicrobio2008-12-03T14:17:32+01:00C2H4 C2H2 rhizobial_growth denitrification nitrate_ammonification N-2-fixation N2O-release <span style="color:#555555;">Gero <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Benckiser">Benckiser</a> </span><em>ANNALS OF MICROBIOLOGY</em><em>57(4):509-514</em>(<em>2007</em>)Wed Dec 03 14:17:32 CET 2008ANNALS OF MICROBIOLOGY4509-514Growth, denitrification and nitrate ammonification of the rhizobial strain TNAU 14 in presence and absence Of C2H4 and C2H2572007C2H4 C2H2 rhizobial_growth denitrification nitrate_ammonification N-2-fixation N2O-release Soil-N (NO3-) initiates as far as a threshold concentration is surpassed manifold physiological reactions on N-2-fixation. Organic N and ammonium oxidised to NO3- means oxygen depletion. Plants suffering under O-2 or infection stress start to excrete ethylene (C2H4), C2H4 widens the root intercellulars that O-2-respiration will continue. Now microbes may more easily enter the plant interior by transforming the reached methionine into C2H4. Surplus nitrate and C2H4 inhibit nodulation of leguminous plants. Excess NO3 in the nodulesphere could be diminished by N-2-fixing bacteria which in addition can denitrify or ammonify nitrate. Consequently, it was asked whether CA interferes with the potential of N-2-fixing bacteria to reduce nitrate. The groundnut-nodule isolate TNAU 14, from which it was known that it denitrifies and ammonifies nitrate, served as inoculum of a KNO3-mannitol-medium that was incubated under N-2(-), 1% (v/v) N-2-C2H4-, and 1% (v/v) N-2-C2H2-atmosphere in the laboratorhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c11a3f13c3a7b05cd35d98ebc019bd6f/sensoryphysiosensoryphysio2008-12-03T13:54:23+01:00vibrational Stenopelmatidae sensory_evolution communication neuroanatomy ensifera chordotonal_organ <span style="color:#555555;">Johannes <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Strauss">Strauss</a> and Reinhard <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Lakes-Harlan">Lakes-Harlan</a> </span><em>JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY</em><em>511(1):81-91</em>(<em>2008</em>)Wed Dec 03 13:54:23 CET 2008JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY181-91Neuroanatomy of the complex tibial organ of Stenopelmatus (Orthoptera: Ensifera : Stenopelmatidae)5112008vibrational Stenopelmatidae sensory_evolution communication neuroanatomy ensifera chordotonal_organ Stenopelmatidae (or "Jerusalem crickets") belong to the atympanate Ensifera, lacking hearing organs in the foreleg tibiae. Their phylogenetic position is controversial, either as a taxon in Tettigonioidea or within the clade of Gryllacridoidea. Similarly, the origin of tibial auditory systems in Ensifera is controversial. Therefore, we investigated the neuronal structures of the proximal tibiae of Stenopelmatus spec. with the hypothesis that internal sensory structures are similar to those in tympanate Ensifera. In Stenopelmatus the complex tibial organ consists of three neuronal parts: the subgenual organ, the intermediate organ, and a third part with linearly arranged neurons. This tripartite organization is also found in tympanate Ensifera, verifying our hypothesis. The third part of the sense organ found in Stenopelmatus can be regarded by the criterion of position as homologous to auditory receptors of hearing Tettigonioidea. This crista acustica homolog is found serially in all http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2e1c1474b4ad93a46c93bc28b660d9df9/soilsciencesoilscience2008-11-27T09:35:31+01:00pedotransfer_function nonylphenol validation multiple_linear_regression_analysis IFZ artificial_neural_networks <span style="color:#555555;">S. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Krahe">Krahe</a> and A. R. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/During">During</a> and A. J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Huisman">Huisman</a> and L. A. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Horn">Horn</a> and S. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Gath">Gath</a> </span><em>WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION</em><em>172(1-4):221-237</em>(<em>2006</em>)Thu Nov 27 09:35:31 CET 2008WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION1-4221-237Statistical modeling of the partitioning of nonylphenol in soil1722006pedotransfer_function nonylphenol validation multiple_linear_regression_analysis IFZ artificial_neural_networks Partition coefficients K-P of nonylphenol (NP) in soil were determined for 193 soil samples which differed widely in content of soil organic carbon (SOC), hydrogen activity, clay content, and in the content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). By means of multiple linear regression analysis (MLR), pedotransfer functions were derived to predict partition coefficients from soil data. SOC and pH affected the sorption, though the latter was in a range significantly below the pK(a) of NP. Quality of soil organic matter presumably plays an important but yet not quantified role in sorption of NP. For soil samples with SOC values less than 3 g kg(-1), model prediction became uncertain with this linear approach. We suggest that using only SOC and pH data results in good prediction of NP sorption in soils with SOC higher than 3 g kg(-1). Considering the varying validity of the linear model for different ranges of the most sensitive parameter SOC, a more flexible, nonlinear approach was tested. Thehttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2a64c6fdea6eef07f38af261937ba1bdd/animalnutritionanimalnutrition2008-11-18T12:42:48+01:00Weight_Gain Animals Organ_Specificity Guinea_Pigs Animal_Feed Dose-Response_Relationship Nutritional_Requirements Selenium Glutathione_Peroxidase Random_Allocation IFZ Drug Nutritional_Status Animal_Nutrition_Physiology Male <span style="color:#555555;">C <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Jensen">Jensen</a> and J <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Pallauf">Pallauf</a> </span><em>Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition</em><em>August2008. </em><em>PMID: 18662358 . </em>Tue Nov 18 12:42:48 CET 2008Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal NutritionAugustPMID: 18662358481-91Estimation of the selenium requirement of growing guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)922008Weight_Gain Animals Organ_Specificity Guinea_Pigs Animal_Feed Dose-Response_Relationship Nutritional_Requirements Selenium Glutathione_Peroxidase Random_Allocation IFZ Drug Nutritional_Status Animal_Nutrition_Physiology Male The aim of the study was to determine the selenium (Se) requirement of guinea pigs as a species unable to synthesize ascorbic acid. Forty-nine male guinea pigs (average weight 208 +/- 3.5 g) were divided into an initial status group and six experimental groups. The animals received a Se deficient Torula yeast based basal diet ({\textless}0.02 mg Se and 26 mg alpha-tocopherol/kg) or a Se addition of 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 mg/kg diet as sodium selenate for 10 weeks. There was no significant difference in weight gain (final weight 643 +/- 21 g) between the groups and no clinical symptoms of Se deficiency occurred. With the exception of the testes, there was an increasing Se concentration in liver, plasma and haemolysate dependent on supplementation level. Glutathione peroxidase was determined in the plasma and Se dependent glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) in haemolysate, liver, kidney, heart and lung. Thioredoxin reductase (TR) activity was measured in liver, kidney and heart and deiodinase activity in the liver. A phospholipid hydroperoxide reducing activity with Se influence was determined in liver, kidney, heart, testes and brain. With the exception of GPx1 activity in heart and haemolysate and TR activity in the kidney, all enzymes already reached their maximal activity at 0.05 mg Se/kg diet. The activities of GPx1 and TR were used as parameters for broken line analysis and a Se requirement of 0.080 mg Se/kg diet was derived as sufficient for growing guinea pigs adequately supplied with vitamin E.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2ba5c117a7f40e3ce5e73bf91b3dbb452/animalnutritionanimalnutrition2008-11-18T12:38:00+01:00IFZ imported <span style="color:#555555;">J <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Fischer">Fischer</a> and A <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Bosse">Bosse</a> and E <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Most">Most</a> and A <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Mueller">Mueller</a> and J <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Pallauf">Pallauf</a> </span><em>British Poultry Science</em><em>September2008. </em><em>PMID: 18836905 . </em>Tue Nov 18 12:38:00 CET 2008British Poultry ScienceSeptemberPMID: 18836905583-91Selenium requirement of growing male turkeys492008IFZ imported 1. The aim of the experiment was to estimate the selenium requirement of growing male turkeys using the selenium concentrations in different organs and blood plasma and by fitting a continuous broken line to the activity of glutathione peroxidase in liver and plasma. 2. Newly hatched male BUT BIG 6 turkeys were fed either on the selenium deficient basal soybean-maize diets (selenium {\textless}0.010 mg/kg diet) adapted to the NRC (1994) and GfE (2004) recommendations for growing turkeys from 0 to 2 weeks (prestarter diet) and 3 to 5 weeks (starter diet) or the basal diets supplemented with 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35 or 0.40 mg selenium/kg diet as sodium selenate. Vitamin E was supplemented adequately in all diets. 3. After 5 weeks the weight in all groups (mean 2568 g) exceeded the expectations for the genotype investigated. Feed consumption and weight gain were however significantly reduced in the group receiving the selenium-deficient diet. 4. After 2 and 5 weeks selenium concentration and activity of glutathione peroxidase in the plasma and the organs examined were greatly influenced by selenium supplementation. 5. Under the conditions investigated, 0.30 mg Se/kg diet was necessary for fast-growing male turkeys to ensure maximum selenium accumulation in the organs examined and maximum glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma and liver.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/23146537b6fc7474e35486b11816797fc/animalnutritionanimalnutrition2008-11-18T12:38:00+01:00IFZ imported <span style="color:#555555;">Andreas S <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Mueller">Mueller</a> and Astrid C <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Bosse">Bosse</a> and Erika <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Most">Most</a> and Sandra D <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Klomann">Klomann</a> and Sandra <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Schneider">Schneider</a> and Josef <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Pallauf">Pallauf</a> </span><em>The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry</em><em>July2008. </em><em>PMID: 18602818 . </em>Tue Nov 18 12:38:00 CET 2008The Journal of Nutritional BiochemistryJulyPMID: 18602818Regulation of the insulin antagonistic protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B by dietary Se studied in growing rats2008IFZ imported Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a key enzyme in the counterregulation of insulin signaling, and its physiological modulation depends on H(2)O(2) and glutathione (GSH). Se via GSH peroxidases (GPxs) and its specific metabolism is involved in the removal of H(2)O(2) and in the regulation of GSH metabolism. Recent results from animal trials and epidemiological studies with humans have shown that a high GPx1 activity or a permanent surplus of Se may promote the development of obesity and diabetes. Our nutrition physiological study with 7x7 growing rats was carried out to examine if PTP1B is modulated by Se supplements and, thus, may represent one trigger mediating these undesirable metabolic effects of Se. One group of rats was fed an Se-deficient diet for 8 weeks. The diets of the other six groups contained Se as selenite or selenate according to the recommendations (0.20 mg/kg diet) and at two supranutritional levels (1.00 and 2.00 mg/kg diet). All Se-supplemented animals featured a significantly higher body weight (6-14\%) compared to their Se-deficient companions. Expression and activity of GPx1 in the liver of Se supplemented animals was 10- and 70-fold higher compared to Se deficiency. The detailed study of PTP1B regulation using an enzymatic assay and Western Blot analysis with an antibody against protein glutathionylation revealed that PTP1B was significantly up-regulated by both a maximization of GPx1 activity and by increasing dietary Se supply, reducing its inhibition via glutathionylation. Selenate effected a stronger PTP activation compared to selenite. In conclusion, our results suggest that the modulation of PTP1B activity may represent one plausible mechanism by which a long-term intake of Se supplements exceeding the requirements can promote the development of obesity and diabetes and needs further intensive investigation.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/201ceca59291d4cff5d168191d3d3ce65/ipzgiessenipzgiessen2008-11-18T12:07:18+01:00imported <span style="color:#555555;">C <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Wagner">Wagner</a> and G <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Schweizer">Schweizer</a> and M <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Krämer">Kr&#228;mer</a> and A G <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Dehmer-Badani">Dehmer-Badani</a> and F <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Ordon">Ordon</a> and W <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Friedt">Friedt</a> </span><em>TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Theoretische Und Angewandte Genetik</em><em>December2008. </em><em>PMID: 18806993 . </em>Tue Nov 18 12:07:18 CET 2008TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Theoretische Und Angewandte GenetikDecemberPMID: 18806993113-22The complex quantitative barley-Rhynchosporium secalis interaction: newly identified QTL may represent already known resistance genes1182008imported Two barley populations, i.e. 135 doubled haploid (DH) lines of the cross 'Igri' (rrs1) x 'Triton' (Rrs1) (I x T) and 76 DH lines of the cross 'Post' x 'Vixen' (both rrs1) (P x V), were analysed to identify QTL for Rhynchosporium secalis resistance independent of the Rrs1 locus by using the single spore R. secalis isolate 271 (Rrs1-virulent). A major QTL with its positive allele derived from cv. 'Triton' was detected in the I x T population on chromosome 2HS explaining almost 80\% of the phenotypic variance. Thus, it can be considered as an R-gene corresponding to the already described Rrs15(CI8288) on chromosome 2HS. In addition, two minor QTL were identified, one in the centromeric region of 6H in a highly polymorphic region with already several mapped R-genes and a second one at the end of the short arm of chromosome 7H which may be an allele of Rrs2 because of its chromosomal position. Regarding the DH population P x V different minor QTL were identified on chromosomes 6H and 7H. The first one is corresponding to the genomic region of the Rrs13 gene whereas the QTL on chromosome 7H maps in a genomic region where several R-genes against different pathogens have been localized. A comparison of both QTL analyses reveals no R. secalis isolate 271-specific resistance locus but leads to the hypothesis that two of the identified QTL may be alleles of the R-genes Rrs15(CI8288) and Rrs2.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/20337f1890ce87e133596c942c2450e11/ipzgiessenipzgiessen2008-11-06T15:12:28+01:00bread_wheat_(Triticum_aestivum_L.) quantitative_trait_loci_(QTL) grain_weight doubled_haploids_(DHs) biomass_weight <span style="color:#555555;">Lin <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Hai">Hai</a> and Huijun <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Guo">Guo</a> and Carola <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Wagner">Wagner</a> and Shihe <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Xiao">Xiao</a> and Wolfgang <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Friedt">Friedt</a> </span><em>PLANT SCIENCE</em><em>175(3):226-232</em>(<em>2008</em>)Thu Nov 06 15:12:28 CET 2008PLANT SCIENCE3226-232Genomic regions for yield and yield parameters in Chinese winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes tested under varying environments correspond to QTL in widely different wheat materials1752008bread_wheat_(Triticum_aestivum_L.) quantitative_trait_loci_(QTL) grain_weight doubled_haploids_(DHs) biomass_weight Field trials with a population of 108 doubled haploid (DH) lines of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) derived from a cross between the Chinese winter wheat cultivars CA9613 and H1488 were carried out at Beijing (China) in 2000/2001 and 2001/2002. In addition, a field trial and a pot experiment were carried out at the experimental field stations of Giessen University (Germany) in the vegetation periods 2004/ 2005 and 2006/2007. Phenotypic data for major agronomic yield-related traits, i.e. grain weight per ear (GWE), grain number per ear (GNE), plant height and thousand-grain weight (TGW), were recorded in all experiments. In addition, biomass weight per tiller and ear weight were evaluated in the two field trials at Beijing. Based on the phenotypic data and a genetic map comprising 168 SSR markers, an analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTL) was carried out for yield and yield parameters using the composite interval mapping (CIM) approach. A total of 30 QTL were detected for these trhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2472866392e2051dcd3101b9e6886efbd/pflanzenernpflanzenern2008-11-06T14:34:38+01:00cell_wall IFZ ascorbate glutathione salinity <span style="color:#555555;">Muhammad <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Saqib">Saqib</a> and Christian <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Zoerb">Zoerb</a> and Sven <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Schubert">Schubert</a> </span><em>FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY</em><em>35(7):633-639</em>(<em>2008</em>)Thu Nov 06 14:34:38 CET 2008FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY7633-639Silicon-mediated improvement in the salt resistance of wheat (Triticum aestivum) results from increased sodium exclusion and resistance to oxidative stress352008cell_wall IFZ ascorbate glutathione salinity Silicon (Si) is reported to reduce the effect of salinity on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and other crops. In the present study, Si decreased plant Na+ uptake and shoot : root Na+ distribution of a salt-resistant as well as a salt-sensitive wheat genotype. Reduced shoot Na+ concentration and increased shoot K+ : Na+ ratio led to improved plant growth. Silicon increased cell-wall Na+ binding from 49% in SARC-1 and 37% in 7-Cerros under salinity to 87% in SARC-1 and 79% in 7-Cerros under salinity + silicon. It may also have resulted in decreased potentially toxic leaf sap Na+ concentration. The concentration of glutathione, an important antioxidant in plants, was increased due to the addition of Si under saline conditions. The salt-resistant wheat genotype SARC-1 was less Si-responsive in terms of shoot fresh weight, having a 39% increase compared with a 49% increase in 7-Cerros, as well as root fresh weight, having a 12% increase compared with a 22% in 7-Cerros. http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2360d6f6b7b103a12630fc529c0d5f681/microbiomicrobio2008-10-28T11:38:56+01:00imported <span style="color:#555555;">Dennis <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Dienst">Dienst</a> and Ulf <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Duehring">Duehring</a> and Hans-Joachim <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Mollenkopf">Mollenkopf</a> and Joerg <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Vogel">Vogel</a> and Jochen <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Golecki">Golecki</a> and R. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Wolfgang Hess">Wolfgang Hess</a> and Annegret <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Wilde">Wilde</a> </span><em>Microbiology</em><em>154(Pt 10):3134-3143</em>(<em>2008</em>)Tue Oct 28 11:38:56 CET 2008MicrobiologyPt 103134-3143The cyanobacterial homologue of the RNA chaperone Hfq is essential for motility of Synechocystis sp. PCC 68031542008imported The ssr3341 locus was previously suggested to encode an orthologue of the RNA chaperone Hfq in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803. Insertional inactivation of this gene resulted in a mutant that was not naturally transformable and exhibited a non-phototactic phenotype compared with the wild-type. The loss of motility was complemented by reintroduction of the wild-type gene, correlated with the re-establishment of type IV pili on the cell surface. Microarray analyses revealed a small set of genes with drastically reduced transcript levels in the knockout mutant compared with the wild-type cells. Among the most strongly affected genes, slr1667, slr1668, slr2015, slr2016 and slr2018 stood out, as they belong to two operons that had previously been shown to be involved in motility, controlled by the cAMP receptor protein SYCRP1. This suggests a link between cAMP signalling, motility and possibly the involvement of RNA-based regulation. http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2c351380ffa3d6513a55de73cfb28f4b5/gensoilmicrobiogensoilmicrobio2008-10-23T09:43:35+02:00imported <span style="color:#555555;">Stefanie <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Gloess">Gloess</a> and Hans-Peter <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Grossart">Grossart</a> and Martin <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Allgaier">Allgaier</a> and Stefan <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Ratering">Ratering</a> and Michael <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Hupfer">Hupfer</a> </span><em>APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY</em><em>74(13):4231-4235</em>(<em>2008</em>)Thu Oct 23 09:43:35 CEST 2008APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY134231-4235Use of laser microdissection for phylogenetic characterization of polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria742008imported Our novel approach for taxonomic identification of uncultured bacteria harboring specific physiological features in complex environmental samples combines cell collection by laser microdissection and subsequent DNA analysis. The newly developed approach was successfully tested for collection and phylogenetic characterization of polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria in activated sludge and lake sediment.http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/210f161acc94c1566e3e0b34f36ee3a96/landscapeecollandscapeecol2008-10-20T16:41:44+02:00vital_rates loop_analysis life_table_response matrix_models elasticity intraspecific_competition Apiaceae management experiment_(LTRE) <span style="color:#555555;">Joerg <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Huels">Huels</a> and Annette <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Otte">Otte</a> and Lutz R. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Eckstein">Eckstein</a> </span><em>BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS</em><em>9(7):799-811</em>(<em>2007</em>)Mon Oct 20 16:41:44 CEST 2008BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS7799-811Population life-cycle and stand structure in dense and open stands of the introduced tall herb Heracleum mantegazzianum92007vital_rates loop_analysis life_table_response matrix_models elasticity intraspecific_competition Apiaceae management experiment_(LTRE) Populations of the introduced Heracleum mantegazzianum consist of dense central stands, which gradually give way to open stands towards the margins. To analyse whether open stands are due to unsuitable conditions or represent the invading front for further spread, we studied life-cycle, population dynamics, stand structure and soil conditions of open and dense stands over two transition periods. Populations decreased during the first interval but increased after the extremely dry and warm summer of 2003 during the second interval. Open stands had shorter generation times, lower height, smaller proportions of small individuals and were less in equilibrium with the environment than dense stands. In open stands, growth to higher stages was most important, while in dense stands delayed development (self-loops) had a strong effect on population growth; stasis and fecundity contributed most to the difference in lambda between stand types. By petiole extension H. mantegazzianum may raise its http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2fd8156c838161cbc81f9cf83a5317d84/landscapeecollandscapeecol2008-10-20T16:41:44+02:00deciduous_forests Viola floodplains Poa inhibition wet_meadows Rumex facilitation Galium germination <span style="color:#555555;">W. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Tobias Donath">Tobias Donath</a> and Lutz R. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Eckstein">Eckstein</a> </span><em>JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY</em><em>96(2):272-280</em>(<em>2008</em>)Mon Oct 20 16:41:44 CEST 2008JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY2272-280Grass and oak litter exert different effects on seedling emergence of herbaceous perennials from grasslands and woodlands962008deciduous_forests Viola floodplains Poa inhibition wet_meadows Rumex facilitation Galium germination 1. The effects of litter on seedling emergence (e.g. during succession from grassland to woodland) may not only depend on litter amount and environmental conditions but may also be related to litter types. We tested the effect of litter types, litter cover and soil moisture on the emergence of four congeneric pairs of grassland and woodland species. 2. We carried out a controlled pot experiment (Experiment I) using litter and species from two habitats (grassland vs. woodland), three levels of litter cover (low, medium, high) and two levels of water-addition (leading to constantly humid or intermittently dry substrate). Amounts of litter were adjusted to result in the same relative light reduction for both litter types. Consequently, we applied 2 g, 4 g and 8 g of grassland litter and 0.5 g, 1 g and 2 g of woodland (oak) litter per pot. 3. To separate the shade effect of litter from its mechanical plus chemical effects we exposed additional pots with seeds of the same species to deep shhttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/22491dd49bd2116a0c0467d106e27135c/ifzappliedentomolifzappliedentomol2008-10-20T12:44:34+02:00imported <span style="color:#555555;"> </span><em>Nature</em><em>452(7190):949-955</em>(<em>2008/04/24/print</em>)Mon Oct 20 12:44:34 CEST 2008Nature7190949-955The genome of the model beetle and pest Tribolium castaneum4522008/04/24/printimported http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/202a6932c60ee4fde14e53db944bbb691/ifzappliedentomolifzappliedentomol2008-10-20T12:44:34+02:00vector-plant-pathogen_interaction Candidatus_Phytoplasma_mali beta-caryophyllene Malus_domestica Cacopsylla_picta apple_proliferation <span style="color:#555555;">J. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Christoph Mayer">Christoph Mayer</a> and Andreas <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Vilcinskas">Vilcinskas</a> and Juergen <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Gross">Gross</a> </span><em>JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY</em><em>34(8):1045-1049</em>(<em>2008</em>)Mon Oct 20 12:44:34 CEST 2008JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY81045-1049Phytopathogen lures its insect vector by altering host plant odor342008vector-plant-pathogen_interaction Candidatus_Phytoplasma_mali beta-caryophyllene Malus_domestica Cacopsylla_picta apple_proliferation Many phytopathogens that cause worldwide losses of agricultural yield are vectored by herbivorous insects. Limited information is available about the interactions among phytopathogens, host plants, and insect vectors. In this paper, we report that the cell wall-lacking bacterium Candidatus Phytoplasma mali can alter both the odor of its host plant (apple) and behavior of its vector, the univoltine psyllid Cacopsylla picta. Apple trees infected by this phytoplasma emitted higher amounts of beta-caryophyllene when compared to uninfected ones. Psyllids that had no previous contact with Ca. P. mali, as well as infected pyllids, are more attracted by volatiles emitted from phytoplasma-infected apple plants than from uninfected ones. Psyllids that had developed on infected plants without getting infected showed the opposite behavior. These results suggest that the pathogen modifies host plant odor that lures its vector to infected plants. This may result in higher numbers of transmitting vechttp://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/23bc812e84d704fbd88eb3254af02ccda/ifzappliedentomolifzappliedentomol2008-10-20T12:44:34+02:00imported <span style="color:#555555;">Boran <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Altincicek">Altincicek</a> and Sabine <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Stoetzel">Stoetzel</a> and Malgorzata <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Wygrecka">Wygrecka</a> and T. <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Klaus Preissner">Klaus Preissner</a> and Andreas <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Vilcinskas">Vilcinskas</a> </span><em>JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY</em><em>181(4):2705-2712</em>(<em>2008</em>)Mon Oct 20 12:44:34 CEST 2008JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY42705-2712Host-derived extracellular nucleic acids enhance innate immune responses, induce coagulation, and prolong survival upon infection in insects1812008imported Extracellular nucleic acids play important roles in human immunity and hemostasis by inducing IFN production, entrapping pathogens in neutrophil extracellular traps, and providing procoagulant cofactor templates for induced contact activation during mammalian blood clotting. In this study, we investigated the functions of extracellular RNA and DNA in innate immunity and hemolymph coagulation in insects using the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella a reliable model host for many insect and human pathogens. We determined that coinjection of purified Galleria-derived nucleic acids with heat-killed bacteria synergistically increases systemic expression of antimicrobial peptides and leads to the depletion of immune-competent hemocytes indicating cellular immune stimulation. These activities were abolished when nucleic acids had been degraded by nucleic acid hydrolyzing enzymes prior to injection. Furthermore, we found that nucleic acids induce insect hemolymph coagulation in a similar way http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/237f54209d8ebd72d4b0fdc1b2b3b5ddf/ifzappliedentomolifzappliedentomol2008-10-20T12:44:34+02:00imported <span style="color:#555555;">Boran <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Altincicek">Altincicek</a> and Andreas <a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/author/Vilcinskas">Vilcinskas</a> </span><em>FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY</em>(<em>2008</em>)Mon Oct 20 12:44:34 CEST 2008FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGYComparative analysis of septic injury-inducible genes in phylogenetically distant model organisms of regeneration and stem cell research, the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea and the cnidarian Hydra vulgaris52008imported Background: The planarian Schmidtea mediterranea and the cnidarian Hydra vulgaris have emerged as valuable model organisms in regeneration and stem cell research because of their prominent ability to regenerate a complete organism from any small body fragment. Under natural conditions wounding may result from predator attacks. These injuries open their innermost to a wide array of microbes present in the environment. Therefore, we established the hypothesis that regeneration processes may be linked to or at least accompanied by innate immune responses. In order to screen for septic wounding inducible genes we dissected individuals using a scalpel in the presence of a crude bacterial lipopolysaccharide preparation that is commonly used to elicit innate immune responses in animals and applied the suppression subtractive hybridization technique that selectively amplifies cDNAs of differentially expressed genes. Results: This analysis revealed the induced expression of 27 genes in immune c