Bisherige Erkenntnisse zeigen, die Gefahr, sich in einem geschlossenen Räum mit dem Coronavirus zu infizieren, ist im Vergleich zu einer Übertragung ...
This Viewpoint discusses physical and epidemiological evidence supporting droplet vs aerosol transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SA
Steckt man sich mit SARS-CoV-2 vorwiegend über Tröpfchen an oder wird das neuartige Coronavirus vor allem als Aerosol übertragen? Wahrscheinlich spielt die aerosolbasierte Übertragung von SARS-CoV-2 keine entscheidende Rolle. Das ist das Ergebnis theoretischer Überlegungen und der Interpretation von Studienergebnissen.
Am 24. Januar 2020 reiste eine vierköpfige Familie aus Wuhan nach Guangzhou. Am nächsten Tag nahm sie das Mittagessen in einem traditionellen chinesischen Restaurant ein. Die vier Personen saßen an einem runden Tisch (Familie A). Im gleichen Raum, aber mehrere Meter entfernt, speisten zwei andere Familien ebenfalls an Rundtischen (Familien B und C). Am Abend bekam eine Person aus Familie A Fieber und hustete stark. Im Krankenhaus wurde eine Infektion mit SARS-CoV-2 diagnostiziert. Innerhalb der nächsten sieben Tage erkrankten alle Mitglieder von Familie A, sowie drei Personen von Familie B und zwei von Familie C an COVID-19. <i>| Von Hermann Feldmeier </i>
Understanding the particle size distribution in the air and patterns of environmental contamination of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for infection prevention policies. Here we screen surface and air samples from hospital rooms of COVID-19 patients for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Environmental sampling is conducted in three airborne infection isolation rooms (AIIRs) in the ICU and 27 AIIRs in the general ward. 245 surface samples are collected. 56.7% of rooms have at least one environmental surface contaminated. High touch surface contamination is shown in ten (66.7%) out of 15 patients in the first week of illness, and three (20%) beyond the first week of illness (p = 0.01, χ2 test). Air sampling is performed in three of the 27 AIIRs in the general ward, and detects SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive particles of sizes >4 µm and 1–4 µm in two rooms, despite these rooms having 12 air changes per hour. This warrants further study of the airborne transmission potential of SARS-CoV-2. Here, the authors sample air and surfaces in hospital rooms of COVID-19 patients, detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in air samples of two of three tested airborne infection isolation rooms, and find surface contamination in 66.7% of tested rooms during the first week of illness and 20% beyond the first week of illness.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the prevalence of reported gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and of viral RN
The ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly on a global scale. Although it is clear that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is transmitted through human respiratory droplets and direct contact, the potential for aerosol transmission is poorly understood1–3. Here we investigated the aerodynamic nature of SARS-CoV-2 by measuring viral RNA in aerosols in different areas of two Wuhan hospitals during the outbreak of COVID-19 in February and March 2020. The concentration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in aerosols that was detected in isolation wards and ventilated patient rooms was very low, but it was higher in the toilet areas used by the patients. Levels of airborne SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the most public areas was undetectable, except in two areas that were prone to crowding; this increase was possibly due to individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the crowd. We found that some medical staff areas initially had high concentrations of viral RNA with aerosol size distributions that showed peaks in the submicrometre and/or supermicrometre regions; however, these levels were reduced to undetectable levels after implementation of rigorous sanitization procedures. Although we have not established the infectivity of the virus detected in these hospital areas, we propose that SARS-CoV-2 may have the potential to be transmitted through aerosols. Our results indicate that room ventilation, open space, sanitization of protective apparel, and proper use and disinfection of toilet areas can effectively limit the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in aerosols. Future work should explore the infectivity of aerosolized virus. Aerodynamic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in two hospitals in Wuhan indicates that SARS-CoV-2 may have the potential to be transmitted through aerosols, although the infectivity of the virus RNA was not established in this study.
Virushaltige Partikel in der Luft, sogenannte Aerosole, spielen bei der Ansteckung mit dem Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 eine Rolle - so lautet die gängige ...