Abstract
We investigate the properties of damped Ly\alpha absorption systems (DLAs)
in semi-analytic models of galaxy formation, including partitioning of cold gas
in galactic discs into atomic, molecular, and ionized phases with a molecular
gas-based star formation recipe. We investigate two approaches for partitioning
gas into these constituents: a pressure-based and a metallicity-based recipe.
We identify DLAs by passing lines of sight through our simulations to compute
HI column densities. We find that models with "standard" gas radial profiles -
where the average specific angular momentum of the gas disc is equal to that of
the host dark matter halo - fail to reproduce the observed column density
distribution of DLAs. These models also fail to reproduce the distribution of
velocity widths \Deltav, overproducing low \Deltav relative to high
\Deltav systems. Models with "extended" radial gas profiles - corresponding
to gas discs with higher specific angular momentum - are able to reproduce
quite well the column density distribution of absorbers over the column density
range 19 < log NHI < 22.5 in the redshift range 2 < z < 3.5. The model with
pressure-based gas partitioning also reproduces the observed line density of
DLAs, HI gas density, and \Deltav distribution at z < 3 remarkably well.
However all of the models investigated here underproduce DLAs and the HI gas
density at z > 3. If this is the case, the flatness in the number of DLAs and
HI gas density over the redshift interval 0 < z < 5 may be due to a cosmic
coincidence where the majority of DLAs at z > 3 arise from intergalactic gas in
filaments while those at z < 3 arise predominantly in galactic discs. We
further investigate the dependence of DLA metallicity on redshift and
\Deltav, and find reasonably good agreement with the observations,
particularly when including the effects of metallicity gradients (abbrv.).
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