%0 Conference Paper %1 oai:CiteSeerPSU:512552 %A de Garis, Hugo %B Artificial Life III %C Santa Fe %D 1992 %K algorithms, automata cellular genetic %T Artificial Embryology %U http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/512552.html %X This paper introduces some ideas and early results concerning the Genetic Programming of artificial shapes. Genetic Programming (GP) de GARIS 1990, 1991, 1992 is defined to be "the art of using Genetic Algorithms to build/evolve complex systems". Complex systems are defined to be systems which are too complex in their structures or dynamics to be predictable or analyzable. Embryos and brains are obvious examples. This paper shows how GP techniques can be applied to (reproductive) cellular automata WOLFRAM 1986 to build a colony of cells having a desired global shape. This paper shows that this type of work can be extended to building shapes sequentially, e.g. "limbs" can be "grown" out of "bodies", so that a 2D ärtificial embryo" is grown. It is hoped that such techniques will contribute towards the creation of a new branch of ALife, called Ärtificial Embryology", which is defined to be "the art of generating instructions to enable abstract cells to reproduce and differentiate in abstract media, such that a final agglomeration of cells has certain properties (such as a desired shape, or desired behaviors etc)". It may be possible that these ideas will be taken over into a form of "embryological electronics", which uses GP techniques to "grow" electronic circuits in an electronic substrate, using special devices called "Darwin Machines". %Z The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeer Archives

@inproceedings{oai:CiteSeerPSU:512552, abstract = {This paper introduces some ideas and early results concerning the Genetic Programming of artificial shapes. Genetic Programming (GP) [de GARIS 1990, 1991, 1992] is defined to be {"}the art of using Genetic Algorithms to build/evolve complex systems{"}. Complex systems are defined to be systems which are too complex in their structures or dynamics to be predictable or analyzable. Embryos and brains are obvious examples. This paper shows how GP techniques can be applied to (reproductive) cellular automata [WOLFRAM 1986] to build a colony of cells having a desired global shape. This paper shows that this type of work can be extended to building shapes sequentially, e.g. {"}limbs{"} can be {"}grown{"} out of {"}bodies{"}, so that a 2D {"}artificial embryo{"} is grown. It is hoped that such techniques will contribute towards the creation of a new branch of ALife, called {"}Artificial Embryology{"}, which is defined to be {"}the art of generating instructions to enable abstract cells to reproduce and differentiate in abstract media, such that a final agglomeration of cells has certain properties (such as a desired shape, or desired behaviors etc){"}. It may be possible that these ideas will be taken over into a form of {"}embryological electronics{"}, which uses GP techniques to {"}grow{"} electronic circuits in an electronic substrate, using special devices called {"}Darwin Machines{"}.}, added-at = {2008-06-19T17:35:00.000+0200}, address = {Santa Fe}, annote = {The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeer Archives}, author = {{de Garis}, Hugo}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/266bbab5be680d0ab805d89bcb888486e/brazovayeye}, booktitle = {Artificial Life {III}}, citeseer-isreferencedby = {oai:CiteSeerPSU:81581}, interhash = {03a98c8b542998e63bdde6dda3aaa30d}, intrahash = {66bbab5be680d0ab805d89bcb888486e}, keywords = {algorithms, automata cellular genetic}, language = {en}, month = {June}, notes = {at the end of the paper, the author suggests his use of {"}genetic programming{"} is different from Koza's. Growing CAs into non-convex shapes: snow man, L, turtle. Embryological self-assembly of nanomachines. Diffentiable chromosome. {"}Shaping is simply splitting up an evolutionary process into intermediate phases, with intermediate targets{"} (section 4). References contain list of de Garis papers using {"}genetic programming{"} in their title.}, oai = {oai:CiteSeerPSU:512552}, rights = {unrestricted}, size = {20 pages}, timestamp = {2008-06-19T17:38:32.000+0200}, title = {Artificial Embryology}, url = {http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/512552.html}, year = 1992 }