Abstract
A Wang-Landau Monte-Carlo study of single chained AB-multiblock
copolymers was performed. The multiblock copolymer was formed by
repeating a symmetric AB diblock unit along the length of the whole
polymer. Simulations were performed changing the length of the base AB
unit for each calculation.
The behaviour of the multiblock copolymers in collapsed globule phase divides
into three categories depending on the length of the unit diblock:
(1) Long block length. In the globule phase the polymer collapses
down to a dumbell-shaped diglobule, with the A and B blocks
separating into two separate spherical globules attached on one
side (similar to the simple diblock copolymer).
(2) Intermediate block length. A single spheroid globule is formed
with A and B blocks separating to form a `tennis-ball' or
`hand-shake' diglobule. When repulsion between A and B monomers is
relaxed, the A and B blocks each form a spiral structure entwined
around one another.
(3) Short block length. A striped globule is formed, composed of
alternating flat layers of A and B blocks.
We attribute this behaviour to geometric frustration. The dumbell
diglobule at long block length is formed by the competing forces of
repulsion away from the solvent and repulsion of A and B monomers away
from one another, resulting in a separate A and B globule. At
intermediate block lengths the length of the block is too short to be
able to fill a separate A or B globule, hence these globules become
warped, trying to minimise the AB interface, resulting in the observed
`handshake' diglobule. At shortest block lengths the small size of the
block length relative to the total length of the collapsed globule
means that the system behaves in a fashion similar to a bulk diblock
copolymer, with the blocks separating into alternate layers.
An analytical model is developed to explain the transition between the
simple long block dumbell diglobule and the intermediate-length
`handshake' diglobule. The block length at which the transition
occurs scales with $N^1/6$, where $N$ is the total number of
monomers.
The Wang-Landau Monte-Carlo technique reveals a set of phase
transitions occurring within the collapsed globule at different
temperatures. In the case of the long and intermediate-length blocks,
the globule passes through a series of collapsed globule states
composed of four or five A or B globules just below the coil-globule
transition temperature, followed by a triglobule state at slightly
lower temperature, before reaching the diglobule states described
above at the lowest temperatures accessible to the simulations. In the
case of short block length, the higher temperature globule formed just
below the coil-globule transition is a disordered globule with the A
and B components fully dispersed among one another. The
striped globule described above is formed below an order-disorder
transition temperature.
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