Аннотация
Municipal wastewater from the city of Istanbul is discharged into
the Bosphorus Strait through an outfall built on the southern end
of the Strait The behaviour of the wastewater plume in the Bosphorus
environment is quite complicated as a result of the two-layer stratification,
the rapid currents flowing in opposite directions in each layer,
their transverse variations, and the turbulence and entrainment processes
in the ambient waters. The wastewater is injected from 22 diffuser
ports on each of the two pipelines located in a depth range of 40-60
m. The numerous plumes from the multiple ports combine to yield a
line source of plume-like behaviour in the far-field. The plume typically
rises due to its buoyancy in the lower layer, and becomes arrested
at the interface between the upper and lower layers of the Bosphorus,
but the swift undercurrents bend the plume to align it with the interface
along the Bosphorus.
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