Аннотация
We present robust, model-marginalized limits on both the total neutrino mass
($m_\nu$) and abundance ($N_eff$) to minimize the role of
parameterizations, priors and models when extracting neutrino properties from
cosmology. The cosmological observations we consider are CMB temperature
fluctuation and polarization measurements, Supernovae Ia luminosity distances,
BAO observations and determinations of the growth rate parameter from the Data
Release 16 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV. The degenerate neutrino mass
spectrum (which implies $m_\nu>0$) is weakly (moderately) preferred over
the normal and inverted hierarchy possibilities, which imply the priors $\sum
m_\nu>0.06$ and $m_\nu>0.1$ eV respectively. Concerning the underlying
cosmological model, the $Łambda$CDM minimal scenario is almost always strongly
preferred over the possible extensions explored here. The most constraining
$95\%$ CL bound on the total neutrino mass in the $Łambda$CDM+$m_\nu$
picture is $m_\nu< 0.087$ eV. The parameter $N_eff$ is restricted to
$3.080.17$ ($68\%$ CL) in the $Łambda$CDM+$N_eff$ model. These
limits barely change when considering the $Łambda$CDM+$m_\nu$+$N_\rm
eff$ scenario. Given the robustness and the strong constraining power of the
cosmological measurements employed here, the model-marginalized posteriors
obtained considering a large spectra of non-minimal cosmologies are very close
to the previous bounds, obtained within the $Łambda$CDM framework in the
degenerate neutrino mass spectrum. Future cosmological measurements may improve
the current Bayesian evidence favouring the degenerate neutrino mass spectra,
challenging therefore the consistency between cosmological neutrino mass bounds
and oscillation neutrino measurements, and potentially suggesting a more
complicated cosmological model and/or neutrino sector.
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