Аннотация
A simple model for the reaction-driven propulsion of a small device
is proposed as a model for a molecular swimmer in aqueous media.
Motion of the device is driven by an asymmetric distribution of
reaction products. The propulsion velocity of the device is
calculated as well as the scale of the velocity fluctuations. The
effects of hydrodynamic flow as well as a number of different
scenarios for the kinetics of the reaction are addressed. We also
quantify for arbitrary swimmer shapes and surface patterns, how
efficient swimming requires both surface activity to generate the
fields, and surface phoretic mobility. We show in particular that
(i) swimming requires symmetry breaking in either or both of the
patterns of activity and mobility, (ii) for a given geometrical
shape and surface pattern, the swimming velocity is
size-independent. In addition, for given available surface
properties, our calculation framework provides a guide to optimize
the design of the swimmers.
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