Zusammenfassung
Chromatin-remodelling mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone-tail
acetylation, poly-ADP-ribosylation, and ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling
processes. Some epigenetic modifications among others have been observed
in cancer cells, namely (1) local DNA hypermethylation and global
hypomethylation, (2) alteration in histone acetylation/deacetylation
balance, (3) increased or decreased poly-ADP-ribosylation, and (4)
failures in ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling mechanisms. Moreover,
these alterations can influence the response to classical anti-tumour
treatments. Drugs targeting epigenetic alterations are under development.
Currently, DNA methylation and histone deacetylase inhibitors are
in use in cancer therapy, and poly-ADP-ribosylation inhibitors are
undergoing clinical trials. Epigenetic therapy is gaining in importance
in pharmacology as a new tool to improve anti-cancer therapies.
- acetylation
- adenosine_triphosphate,_pharmacology
- animals
- chromatin_assembly_and_disassembly,_drug_effects/physiology
- dna_methylation
- epigenesis,_genetic,_physiology
- histones,_metabolism
- histone_acetyltransferases,_metabolism
- humans
- models,_biological
- neoplasms,_genetics
- poly(adp-ribose)_polymerases,_metabolism
- protein_processing,_post-translational
- tumor_markers,_biological,_genetics
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