%0 Journal Article %1 chritakis_2012 %A Apicella, Coren L. %A Marlowe, Frank W. %A Fowler, James H. %A Christakis, Nicholas A. %D 2012 %I Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved. %J Nature %K cooperation evolution gametheory networkanalysis networks %N 7382 %P 497--501 %R 10.1038/nature10736 %T Social networks and cooperation in hunter-gatherers %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10736 %V 481 %X Social networks show striking structural regularities, and both theory and evidence suggest that networks may have facilitated the development of large-scale cooperation in humans. Here, we characterize the social networks of the Hadza, a population of hunter-gatherers in Tanzania. We show that Hadza networks have important properties also seen in modernized social networks, including a skewed degree distribution, degree assortativity, transitivity, reciprocity, geographic decay and homophily. We demonstrate that Hadza camps exhibit high between-group and low within-group variation in public goods game donations. Network ties are also more likely between people who give the same amount, and the similarity in cooperative behaviour extendsup to two degrees of separation. Social distance appears to be as important as genetic relatedness and physical proximity in explaining assortativity in cooperation. Our results suggest that certain elements of social network structure may have been present at an early point in human history. Also, early humans may have formed ties with both kin and non-kin, based in part on their tendency to cooperate. Social networks may thus have contributed to the emergence of cooperation.

@article{chritakis_2012, abstract = {{Social networks show striking structural regularities, and both theory and evidence suggest that networks may have facilitated the development of large-scale cooperation in humans. Here, we characterize the social networks of the Hadza, a population of hunter-gatherers in Tanzania. We show that Hadza networks have important properties also seen in modernized social networks, including a skewed degree distribution, degree assortativity, transitivity, reciprocity, geographic decay and homophily. We demonstrate that Hadza camps exhibit high between-group and low within-group variation in public goods game donations. Network ties are also more likely between people who give the same amount, and the similarity in cooperative behaviour extendsup to two degrees of separation. Social distance appears to be as important as genetic relatedness and physical proximity in explaining assortativity in cooperation. Our results suggest that certain elements of social network structure may have been present at an early point in human history. Also, early humans may have formed ties with both kin and non-kin, based in part on their tendency to cooperate. Social networks may thus have contributed to the emergence of cooperation.}}, added-at = {2012-10-02T06:52:48.000+0200}, author = {Apicella, Coren L. and Marlowe, Frank W. and Fowler, James H. and Christakis, Nicholas A.}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2046281399084f372af677a832197e747/heinzwittenbrink}, citeulike-article-id = {10274302}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10736}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10736}, comment = {"[C]ertain elements of social network structure may have been present at an early point in human history. (...) Social networks may thus have contributed to the emergence of cooperation." "[S]ocial networks may have co-evolved with the widespread cooperation in humans that we observe today."}, day = 26, doi = {10.1038/nature10736}, interhash = {1a943c3a29df78a286787dcf4bad0276}, intrahash = {046281399084f372af677a832197e747}, issn = {0028-0836}, journal = {Nature}, keywords = {cooperation evolution gametheory networkanalysis networks}, month = jan, number = 7382, pages = {497--501}, posted-at = {2012-01-28 14:58:35}, priority = {0}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.}, timestamp = {2012-10-02T06:52:48.000+0200}, title = {{Social networks and cooperation in hunter-gatherers}}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10736}, volume = 481, year = 2012 }