Article,
Hardly a relict: freezing and the evolution of vesselless wood in Winteraceae
T. Feild, T. Brodribb, and N. Holbrook.Evolution, 56 (3): 464--478 (2002)
Meta data
- BibTeX key
- Feildetal_02
- entry type
- article
- year
- 2002
- journal
- Evolution
- number
- 3
- pages
- 464--478
- volume
- 56
- citeulike-article-id
- 1523692
- priority
- 2
- posted-at
- 2007-07-31 06:17:28
- citeulike-linkout-0
- http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&\#38;doi=10.1554\%2F0014-3820(2002)056\%5B0464\%3AHARFAT\%5D2.0.CO\%3B2
- comment
- (private-note)Vessel-bearing plants have greater xylem hydraulic capacity than those with just tracheids, because vessels have a more open path for water movement." (tyree and Ewers 1991, Sperry et al. 1994, becker et al. 1999, brodribb and field 2000, zimmermann 1983) Winteraceae are evergreen, and are found in cool-cold wet environments with mild but frequent freezes, and warm days, growth year-round. Therefore the absence of vessels might be a derived ch. That helps them survive in such an env. Steady-state flowmeter was used: pressure drop across a tube of known conductance is used to calculate water efflux from a stem segment: an elevated reservoir (\~1-1.5m) filtered water thru capillary tubing and stem segment in series. Out of direct sunlight. Thermocouple used to check that the temperature was the same in the stem segment and the capillary tube, less than 1oC difference so the effects of viscosity on measurement of hydraulic flux would be around 2\% under their conditions(Nobel 1988!!! priority) Wet, overcast early mornings sampling. Stems cut, triple-bagged, taken to lab, cut underwater into segments. (50mm length segments, 3-5mm diameter. For one species, segments cut longer than max vessel length (previously determined using air injection 0.01MPa). sapwood-specific conductivity = Kh/sapwood area (m^2) The sum of all conduits raised to the fourth pwer of the radius is proportional to hydraulic conductance, assuming flow is laminar. (I doubt this: just look at the walls: they're ripply!) Freeze-thaw treatment: Branches dehydrated to moderately low phi (-0.5MPa: what they're supposed to experience during a freeze). No embolism was induced. Phi(sub)stem was measured with a scholander pressure bomb. Frozen in field to -6.5?C (1?C/min). This rate is similar to that observed in the field by Field and Brodribb 2001 (!) Kh ranged from 0.08 to 0.4 kg MPa-1 m-1 s-1 Ks= stem xylem hydraulic capacity, conductivity normalised to xylem surface area. Vessels= 28.4um +/- 7.66 SD, tracheids= 10.5 +/- 2.6 canella winterana (Cannelaceae- relative of winteraceae) Fig 3 is really good way of showing data. (pic on camera) They grow in tropical alpine areas "winter every night, summer every day" Due to less seasonality, southern hemisphere plants have less frost tolerance. This has caused a lowering of the treeline by on average 1000m compared to the northern hemisphere. (Feild and Brodribb 2001, Sakai et al 1981, Daubenmire 1954, Wardle 1985, Sprugel 1989, Markgaf et al. 1995) IN canella, freeze-thaw embolisms are restricted to vessels, whilst tracheids keep flowing. The tracheids of this species have full pit birders, which means that they are likely to be conductive. (Carlquist 1988a,b)
- url
- http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract\&doi=10.1554\%2F0014-3820(2002)056\%5B0464\%3AHARFAT\%5D2.0.CO\%3B2
Tags
- bibtex-import,
- citeulikeexport
- diameter,
- distribution,
- freezebolism,
- limits,
- papercopy,
- snowgumpapermaybe,
- tropalp
Users
Comments and Reviewsshow / hide
Cite this publication
More citation styles
- please select -%0 Journal Article
%1 Feildetal_02
%A Feild, T. S.
%A Brodribb, T.
%A Holbrook, N. M.
%D 2002
%J Evolution
%K bibtex-import, citeulikeExport diameter, distribution, freezebolism, limits, papercopy, snowgumpapermaybe, tropalp
%N 3
%P 464--478
%T Hardly a relict: freezing and the evolution of vesselless wood in Winteraceae
%U http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1554\%2F0014-3820(2002)056\%5B0464\%3AHARFAT\%5D2.0.CO\%3B2
%V 56
@article{Feildetal_02,
added-at = {2019-03-31T01:14:40.000+0100},
author = {Feild, T. S. and Brodribb, T. and Holbrook, N. M.},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/21f0985733321f04b50ef72a50ec81736/dianella},
citeulike-article-id = {1523692},
citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract\&\#38;doi=10.1554\%2F0014-3820(2002)056\%5B0464\%3AHARFAT\%5D2.0.CO\%3B2},
comment = {(private-note)Vessel-bearing plants have greater xylem hydraulic capacity than those with just tracheids, because vessels have a more open path for water movement." (tyree and Ewers 1991, Sperry et al. 1994, becker et al. 1999, brodribb and field 2000, zimmermann 1983) Winteraceae are evergreen, and are found in cool-cold wet environments with mild but frequent freezes, and warm days, growth year-round. Therefore the absence of vessels might be a derived ch. That helps them survive in such an env. Steady-state flowmeter was used: pressure drop across a tube of known conductance is used to calculate water efflux from a stem segment: an elevated reservoir (\~{}1-1.5m) filtered water thru capillary tubing and stem segment in series. Out of direct sunlight. Thermocouple used to check that the temperature was the same in the stem segment and the capillary tube, less than 1oC difference so the effects of viscosity on measurement of hydraulic flux would be around 2\% under their conditions(Nobel 1988!!! priority) Wet, overcast early mornings sampling. Stems cut, triple-bagged, taken to lab, cut underwater into segments. (50mm length segments, 3-5mm diameter. For one species, segments cut longer than max vessel length (previously determined using air injection 0.01MPa). sapwood-specific conductivity = Kh/sapwood area (m^2) The sum of all conduits raised to the fourth pwer of the radius is proportional to hydraulic conductance, assuming flow is laminar. (I doubt this: just look at the walls: they're ripply!) Freeze-thaw treatment: Branches dehydrated to moderately low phi (-0.5MPa: what they're supposed to experience during a freeze). No embolism was induced. Phi(sub)stem was measured with a scholander pressure bomb. Frozen in field to -6.5?C (1?C/min). This rate is similar to that observed in the field by Field and Brodribb 2001 (!) Kh ranged from 0.08 to 0.4 kg MPa-1 m-1 s-1 Ks= stem xylem hydraulic capacity, conductivity normalised to xylem surface area. Vessels= 28.4um +/- 7.66 SD, tracheids= 10.5 +/- 2.6 canella winterana (Cannelaceae- relative of winteraceae) Fig 3 is really good way of showing data. (pic on camera) They grow in tropical alpine areas "winter every night, summer every day" Due to less seasonality, southern hemisphere plants have less frost tolerance. This has caused a lowering of the treeline by on average 1000m compared to the northern hemisphere. (Feild and Brodribb 2001, Sakai et al 1981, Daubenmire 1954, Wardle 1985, Sprugel 1989, Markgaf et al. 1995) IN canella, freeze-thaw embolisms are restricted to vessels, whilst tracheids keep flowing. The tracheids of this species have full pit birders, which means that they are likely to be conductive. (Carlquist 1988a,b)},
interhash = {cccfa8f45376d4a020c342457f60e2b8},
intrahash = {1f0985733321f04b50ef72a50ec81736},
journal = {Evolution},
keywords = {bibtex-import, citeulikeExport diameter, distribution, freezebolism, limits, papercopy, snowgumpapermaybe, tropalp},
number = 3,
pages = {464--478},
posted-at = {2007-07-31 06:17:28},
priority = {2},
timestamp = {2019-03-31T01:16:26.000+0100},
title = {{Hardly a relict: freezing and the evolution of vesselless wood in Winteraceae}},
url = {http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract\&doi=10.1554\%2F0014-3820(2002)056\%5B0464\%3AHARFAT\%5D2.0.CO\%3B2},
volume = 56,
year = 2002
}