Abstract
Using genetic programming techniques to find technical
trading rules, we find strong evidence of economically
significant out-of-sample excess returns to those rules
for each of six exchange rates over the period
1981-1995. Further, when the dollar/Deutsche mark rules
are allowed to determine trades in the other markets,
there is significant improvement in performance in all
cases, except for the Deutsche mark/yen. Betas
calculated for the returns according to various
benchmark portfolios provide no evidence that the
returns to these rules are compensation for bearing
systematic risk. Bootstrapping results on the
dollar/Deutsche mark indicate that the trading rules
detect patterns in the data that are not captured by
standard statistical models.
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