S. Black, A. Liu, I. Parry, und N. Vernon. Working Paper, 2023/169. International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C., (24.08.2023)
Zusammenfassung
This paper provides a comprehensive global, regional, and country-level update of: (i) efficient fossil fuel prices to reflect supply and environmental costs; and (ii) subsidies implied by charging below efficient fuel prices. Globally, fossil fuel subsidies were $7 trillion in 2022 or 7.1 percent of GDP. Explicit subsidies (undercharging for supply costs) have more than doubled since 2020 but are still only 18 percent of the total subsidy, while nearly 60 percent is due to undercharging for global warming and local air pollution. Differences between efficient prices and retail fuel prices are large and pervasive, for example, 80 percent of global coal consumption was priced at below half of its efficient level in 2022. Full fossil fuel price reform would reduce global carbon dioxide emissions to an estimated 43 percent below baseline levels in 2030 (in line with keeping global warming to 1.5-2oC), while raising revenues worth 3.6 percent of global GDP and preventing 1.6 million local air pollution deaths per year. Accompanying spreadsheets provide detailed results for 170 countries.
%0 Report
%1 black2023fossil
%A Black, Simon
%A Liu, Antung A.
%A Parry, Ian W. H.
%A Vernon, Nate
%C Washington, D.C.
%D 2023
%K climate_change efficient_fuel_prices energy_price_surge energy_subsidies environment fossil_fuel_subsidies fossil_fuels greenhouse_gas_emissions local_air_polution_mortality non-renewable_resources revenue_gains subsidies supply_costs
%N 2023/169
%T IMF Fossil Fuel Subsidies Data: 2023 Update
%U https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2023/08/22/IMF-Fossil-Fuel-Subsidies-Data-2023-Update-537281
%X This paper provides a comprehensive global, regional, and country-level update of: (i) efficient fossil fuel prices to reflect supply and environmental costs; and (ii) subsidies implied by charging below efficient fuel prices. Globally, fossil fuel subsidies were $7 trillion in 2022 or 7.1 percent of GDP. Explicit subsidies (undercharging for supply costs) have more than doubled since 2020 but are still only 18 percent of the total subsidy, while nearly 60 percent is due to undercharging for global warming and local air pollution. Differences between efficient prices and retail fuel prices are large and pervasive, for example, 80 percent of global coal consumption was priced at below half of its efficient level in 2022. Full fossil fuel price reform would reduce global carbon dioxide emissions to an estimated 43 percent below baseline levels in 2030 (in line with keeping global warming to 1.5-2oC), while raising revenues worth 3.6 percent of global GDP and preventing 1.6 million local air pollution deaths per year. Accompanying spreadsheets provide detailed results for 170 countries.
@techreport{black2023fossil,
abstract = {This paper provides a comprehensive global, regional, and country-level update of: (i) efficient fossil fuel prices to reflect supply and environmental costs; and (ii) subsidies implied by charging below efficient fuel prices. Globally, fossil fuel subsidies were $7 trillion in 2022 or 7.1 percent of GDP. Explicit subsidies (undercharging for supply costs) have more than doubled since 2020 but are still only 18 percent of the total subsidy, while nearly 60 percent is due to undercharging for global warming and local air pollution. Differences between efficient prices and retail fuel prices are large and pervasive, for example, 80 percent of global coal consumption was priced at below half of its efficient level in 2022. Full fossil fuel price reform would reduce global carbon dioxide emissions to an estimated 43 percent below baseline levels in 2030 (in line with keeping global warming to 1.5-2oC), while raising revenues worth 3.6 percent of global GDP and preventing 1.6 million local air pollution deaths per year. Accompanying spreadsheets provide detailed results for 170 countries.},
added-at = {2023-10-23T13:54:08.000+0200},
address = {Washington, D.C.},
author = {Black, Simon and Liu, Antung A. and Parry, Ian W. H. and Vernon, Nate},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/21ec43710070aec35110f84b7c8f2edf5/meneteqel},
day = 24,
institution = {International Monetary Fund},
interhash = {750d98c1b4ce684fc5ad2a1784e17b16},
intrahash = {1ec43710070aec35110f84b7c8f2edf5},
keywords = {climate_change efficient_fuel_prices energy_price_surge energy_subsidies environment fossil_fuel_subsidies fossil_fuels greenhouse_gas_emissions local_air_polution_mortality non-renewable_resources revenue_gains subsidies supply_costs},
language = {en-US},
month = aug,
number = {2023/169},
timestamp = {2023-10-23T13:58:20.000+0200},
title = {IMF Fossil Fuel Subsidies Data: 2023 Update},
type = {Working Paper},
url = {https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2023/08/22/IMF-Fossil-Fuel-Subsidies-Data-2023-Update-537281},
year = 2023
}