Zusammenfassung
The apparent discrepancy between the value of the tensor-to-scalar ratio
reported by the BICEP2 collaboration, \$r = 0.20^+0.07\_-0.05\$ at 68\% CL, and
the Planck upper limit, \$r < 0.11\$ at 95\% CL, has attracted a great deal of
attention. In this short note, we show that this discrepancy is mainly due to
an `apples to oranges' comparison. The result reported by BICEP2 was measured
at a pivot scale \$k\_* = 0.05\$ Mpc\$^-1\$, assuming \$n\_t = 0\$, whereas the
Planck limit was provided at \$k\_* = 0.002\$ Mpc\$^-1\$, assuming the slow-roll
consistency relation \$n\_t = -r/8\$. One should obviously compare the BICEP2 and
Planck results under the same circumstances. By imposing \$n\_t = 0\$, the Planck
constraint at \$k\_* = 0.05\$ Mpc\$^-1\$ becomes \$r < 0.135\$ at \$95\%\$ CL, which
can be compared directly with the BICEP2 result. Once a plausible dust
contribution to the BICEP2 signal is taken into account (DDM2 model), \$r\$ is
reduced to \$r = 0.16^+0.06\_-0.05\$ and the discrepancy becomes of order
\$1.3\sigma\$ only.
Nutzer