%0 Journal Article %1 Hernan2004 %A Hernán, Miguel A %A Hernández-Díaz, Sonia %A Robins, James M %D 2004 %J Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) %K Case-ControlStudies Disease Disease:etiology EnvironmentalExposure EnvironmentalExposure:adverseeffects EpidemiologicMethods EpidemiologicResearchDesign EvaluationStudiesasTopic Humans LongitudinalStudies Models Research ResearchSubjects RiskFactors SelectionBias Theoretical %N 5 %P 615-25 %T A structural approach to selection bias. %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15308962 %V 15 %X The term "selection bias" encompasses various biases in epidemiology. We describe examples of selection bias in case-control studies (eg, inappropriate selection of controls) and cohort studies (eg, informative censoring). We argue that the causal structure underlying the bias in each example is essentially the same: conditioning on a common effect of 2 variables, one of which is either exposure or a cause of exposure and the other is either the outcome or a cause of the outcome. This structure is shared by other biases (eg, adjustment for variables affected by prior exposure). A structural classification of bias distinguishes between biases resulting from conditioning on common effects ("selection bias") and those resulting from the existence of common causes of exposure and outcome ("confounding"). This classification also leads to a unified approach to adjust for selection bias. %@ 1044-3983

@article{Hernan2004, abstract = {The term "selection bias" encompasses various biases in epidemiology. We describe examples of selection bias in case-control studies (eg, inappropriate selection of controls) and cohort studies (eg, informative censoring). We argue that the causal structure underlying the bias in each example is essentially the same: conditioning on a common effect of 2 variables, one of which is either exposure or a cause of exposure and the other is either the outcome or a cause of the outcome. This structure is shared by other biases (eg, adjustment for variables affected by prior exposure). A structural classification of bias distinguishes between biases resulting from conditioning on common effects ("selection bias") and those resulting from the existence of common causes of exposure and outcome ("confounding"). This classification also leads to a unified approach to adjust for selection bias.}, added-at = {2023-02-03T11:44:35.000+0100}, author = {Hernán, Miguel A and Hernández-Díaz, Sonia and Robins, James M}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/24f0db81815ca8c9e0d4dba8ec0df3a05/jepcastel}, city = {Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. miguel_hernan@post.harvard.edu}, interhash = {80418d747b89d8183d3ec09aa0b59868}, intrahash = {4f0db81815ca8c9e0d4dba8ec0df3a05}, isbn = {1044-3983}, issn = {1044-3983}, journal = {Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)}, keywords = {Case-ControlStudies Disease Disease:etiology EnvironmentalExposure EnvironmentalExposure:adverseeffects EpidemiologicMethods EpidemiologicResearchDesign EvaluationStudiesasTopic Humans LongitudinalStudies Models Research ResearchSubjects RiskFactors SelectionBias Theoretical}, month = {9}, note = {4639<m:linebreak></m:linebreak>LR: 20071115; GR: K08-AI-49392/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01-AI-32475/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9009644; ppublish;<m:linebreak></m:linebreak>Mesures d&#039;associació}, number = 5, pages = {615-25}, pmid = {15308962}, timestamp = {2023-02-03T11:44:35.000+0100}, title = {A structural approach to selection bias.}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15308962}, volume = 15, year = 2004 }