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Trapped Exciton and Large Birefringence in Cl2–NDI Revealed by Optical Spectroscopy

, , , , , , , and . The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 124 (32): 17829--17835 (July 2020)
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c05165

Abstract

The n-type organic semiconductor, β-phase single crystalline dichloro naphthalene diimide, Cl2–NDI, is investigated in a broad frequency range via optical spectroscopy. The temperature-dependent absorbance spectra reveal the appearance of new molecular vibration modes; several of them exhibit a pronounced splitting and abnormal red shift. In the visible spectral range, we observe a splitting of the J-band upon cooling, which we attributed to self-trapped excitons via coupling between free excitons and molecular vibrations or trapping by disorder induced Lévy states. Additionally, we discover a strong birefringence of these crystals by pronounced polarization beat over a wide frequency range.

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