We have reevaluated the impact rates for the planets from ecliptic
comets using the integrations in H. Levison and M. Duncan (1997,
Icarus 127, 13-32; LD97), We fmd that the current impact rates on
the giant planets are actually about four times smaller than LD97's
values due to differences in methods of calculating the relevant
timescales. The newly calculated impact rates are listed in Table
I. However, if the objects leaving the Kuiper belt were primarily
on high inclination orbits, then the impact rates on the giant planets
are larger than those in Table I by a factor less than or similar
to 2. We discuss the dynamics of objects hitting the giant planets
in detail, including measurements of the impact velocities. We find
that 21% of the objects that hit Jupiter in our simulations were
bound to the planet before the impact. The fraction of bound impactors
for Saturn is much lower, Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus have a significant
apex-antapex asymmetry for the unbound impactors. (C) 2000 Academic
Press.
%0 Journal Article
%1 Levison2000
%A Levison, H. F.
%A Duncan, M. J.
%A Zahnle, K.
%A Holman, M.
%A Dones, L.
%D 2000
%J Icarus
%K BELT; COMETS; DISK JUPITER-FAMILY KUIPER OBJECTS; SHORT-PERIOD
%N 2
%P 415--420
%T Planetary impact rates from ecliptic comets
%V 143
%X We have reevaluated the impact rates for the planets from ecliptic
comets using the integrations in H. Levison and M. Duncan (1997,
Icarus 127, 13-32; LD97), We fmd that the current impact rates on
the giant planets are actually about four times smaller than LD97's
values due to differences in methods of calculating the relevant
timescales. The newly calculated impact rates are listed in Table
I. However, if the objects leaving the Kuiper belt were primarily
on high inclination orbits, then the impact rates on the giant planets
are larger than those in Table I by a factor less than or similar
to 2. We discuss the dynamics of objects hitting the giant planets
in detail, including measurements of the impact velocities. We find
that 21% of the objects that hit Jupiter in our simulations were
bound to the planet before the impact. The fraction of bound impactors
for Saturn is much lower, Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus have a significant
apex-antapex asymmetry for the unbound impactors. (C) 2000 Academic
Press.
@article{Levison2000,
abstract = {We have reevaluated the impact rates for the planets from ecliptic
comets using the integrations in H. Levison and M. Duncan (1997,
Icarus 127, 13-32; LD97), We fmd that the current impact rates on
the giant planets are actually about four times smaller than LD97's
values due to differences in methods of calculating the relevant
timescales. The newly calculated impact rates are listed in Table
I. However, if the objects leaving the Kuiper belt were primarily
on high inclination orbits, then the impact rates on the giant planets
are larger than those in Table I by a factor less than or similar
to 2. We discuss the dynamics of objects hitting the giant planets
in detail, including measurements of the impact velocities. We find
that 21% of the objects that hit Jupiter in our simulations were
bound to the planet before the impact. The fraction of bound impactors
for Saturn is much lower, Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus have a significant
apex-antapex asymmetry for the unbound impactors. (C) 2000 Academic
Press.},
added-at = {2009-11-03T20:21:25.000+0100},
author = {Levison, H. F. and Duncan, M. J. and Zahnle, K. and Holman, M. and Dones, L.},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2575a14f3c891fce5663a6d8be3f13660/svance},
citedreferences = {BAILEY ME, 1994, HAZARDS DUE COMETS A, P479 ; DONES L, 1996, ASTR SOC P, V107, P233 ; DONES L, 1999, Icarus, V142, P509 ; DONNISON JR, 1986, ASTRON ASTROPHYS, V167, P359 ; DUNCAN MJ, 1995, ASTRON J, V110, P3073 ; DUNCAN MJ, 1997, SCIENCE, V276, P1670 ; HUGHES DW, 1988, Icarus, V73, P149 ; KARY DM, 1996, Icarus, V121, P207 ; KOZAI Y, 1962, ASTRON J, V67, P591 ; LEVISON HF, 1997, Icarus, V127, P13 ; MALHOTRA R, 2000, IN PRESS PROTOSTARS, V4 ; NAKAMURA T, 1998, ASTRON J, V115, P848 ; OPIK EJ, 1951, P ROY IRISH ACAD A, V54, P165 ; PRESS WH, 1986, NUMERICAL RECIPES ; ROSS SM, 1985, INTRO PROBABILITY MO ; SHOEMAKER EM, 1982, SATELLITES JUPITER, P277 ; STERN SA, 1995, ASTRON J, V110, P856 ; STERN SA, 2000, IN PRESS ASTRON J ; WEISSMAN PR, 1990, GEOL SOC AM SPEC PAP, V247, P171 ; ZAHNLE K, 1998, Icarus, V136, P202},
interhash = {51de283ed7a323936a9e02ed6aa7e122},
intrahash = {575a14f3c891fce5663a6d8be3f13660},
journal = {Icarus},
keywords = {BELT; COMETS; DISK JUPITER-FAMILY KUIPER OBJECTS; SHORT-PERIOD},
number = 2,
owner = {svance},
pages = {415--420},
timestamp = {2009-11-03T20:21:57.000+0100},
title = {Planetary impact rates from ecliptic comets},
volume = 143,
year = 2000
}