Abstract
Cosmological simulations are an important theoretical pillar for
understanding nonlinear structure formation in our Universe and for relating it
to observations on large scales. In several papers, we introduce our
MillenniumTNG (MTNG) project that provides a comprehensive set of
high-resolution, large volume simulations of cosmic structure formation aiming
to better understand physical processes on large scales and to help
interpreting upcoming large-scale galaxy surveys. We here focus on the full
physics box MTNG740 that computes a volume of $(740\,Mpc)^3$ with a
baryonic mass resolution of $3.1\times~10^7\,M_ødot$ using
arepo with $80.6$~billion cells and the IllustrisTNG galaxy formation
model. We verify that the galaxy properties produced by MTNG740 are consistent
with the TNG simulations, including more recent observations. We focus on
galaxy clusters and analyse cluster scaling relations and radial profiles. We
show that both are broadly consistent with various observational constraints.
We demonstrate that the SZ-signal on a deep lightcone is consistent with Planck
limits. Finally, we compare MTNG740 clusters with galaxy clusters found in
Planck and the SDSS-8 RedMaPPer richness catalogue in observational space,
finding very good agreement as well. However, simultaneously matching
cluster masses, richness, and Compton-$y$ requires us to assume that the SZ
mass estimates for Planck clusters are underestimated by $0.2$~dex on average.
Thanks to its unprecedented volume for a high-resolution hydrodynamical
calculation, the MTNG740 simulation offers rich possibilities to study baryons
in galaxies, galaxy clusters, and in large scale structure, and in particular
their impact on upcoming large cosmological surveys.
Description
The MillenniumTNG Project: The hydrodynamical full physics simulation and a first look at its galaxy clusters
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