A key finding from elevated CO2 field experiments is that the impact of elevated CO2 on plant and ecosystem function is highly dependent upon other environmental conditions, namely temperature and the availability of nutrients and soil moisture. In addition, there is significant variation in the response to elevated CO2 among plant functional types, species and crop varieties. However, experimental data on plant and ecosystem responses to elevated CO2 are strongly biased to economically and ecologically important systems in the temperate zone. There is a multi-biome gap in experimental data that is most severe in the tropics and subtropics, but also includes high latitudes. Physiological understanding of the environmental conditions and species found at high and low latitudes suggest they may respond differently to elevated CO2 than well-studied temperate systems. Addressing this knowledge gap should be a high priority as it is vital to understanding 21st century food supply and ecosystem feedbacks on climate change. ⺠Response of plants to elevated CO2 is dependent upon other environmental conditions. ⺠There is ecologically and economically important variation in CO2 response within and among species. ⺠Experimental elevated CO2 studies have been biased toward temperate species and ecosystems. ⺠Physiological understanding predicts that tropical species may respond differently to elevated CO2. ⺠New studies of elevated CO2 at high and low latitudes are urgently needed.
(private-note)drought in the tropics and subtropics
Review
RR gs >RR LAI 1
nutrient limitations develop over time in ecosystems 9,10
dichotomy: arid or disturbed ecosystems can increase water use at elevated CO2 2, 19
also see 20
Other interactions that influence response to CO2:
for C3 crops: N, H2O, oC
for C4 crops: H2O and oC
"for example, while greater tempertures increase the stimulation of productivity by elevated CO2 in mesic conditions, the increase in water use at high temperature may combine with low water availability under semi arid and arid conditions to cause significant stress that cannot be ameliorated by elevated CO2"
Many biomes where FACE hasn't happened and we don't know what will happen
"key examples are the croplands of Africa and tropical Asia, where human well-being is tightly linked to local food supply and food security is significantly at risk from climate change 6**
Important crops less FACE-d
Sorghum (C4), millet (C4), maize (C4), indica rice (C3), bananas (C3), cassava (C3)
different management practices
"frequent occurrence of climatic and/or ediaphic conditions that have no analogue in the temperate zone"
there may be no present day equivalent of climates that will be experienced by crops in many tropical countries by 2050 40,41**
rice becomes sterile at temperatures already observed in some tropical locations and this will likely decrease yields in the future, irrespective of CO2
**//but CO2 increases leaf temperature by closing stomata!//
reduced water use only enhances carbon gain / productivity when it is ameliorating a drought limitation
and if drought is big enough, the effects of CO2 are barely going to be noticed
%0 Journal Article
%1 citeulike:10293931
%A Leakey, Andrew D. B.
%A Bishop, Kristen A.
%A Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.
%D 2012
%J Current Opinion in Plant Biology
%K agriculture, citeulikeExport co2, face, food\_security, globalchange, subtropics, tropics
%N 3
%P 228--236
%R 10.1016/j.pbi.2012.01.009
%T A multi-biome gap in understanding of crop and ecosystem responses to elevated CO2
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2012.01.009
%V 15
%X A key finding from elevated CO2 field experiments is that the impact of elevated CO2 on plant and ecosystem function is highly dependent upon other environmental conditions, namely temperature and the availability of nutrients and soil moisture. In addition, there is significant variation in the response to elevated CO2 among plant functional types, species and crop varieties. However, experimental data on plant and ecosystem responses to elevated CO2 are strongly biased to economically and ecologically important systems in the temperate zone. There is a multi-biome gap in experimental data that is most severe in the tropics and subtropics, but also includes high latitudes. Physiological understanding of the environmental conditions and species found at high and low latitudes suggest they may respond differently to elevated CO2 than well-studied temperate systems. Addressing this knowledge gap should be a high priority as it is vital to understanding 21st century food supply and ecosystem feedbacks on climate change. ⺠Response of plants to elevated CO2 is dependent upon other environmental conditions. ⺠There is ecologically and economically important variation in CO2 response within and among species. ⺠Experimental elevated CO2 studies have been biased toward temperate species and ecosystems. ⺠Physiological understanding predicts that tropical species may respond differently to elevated CO2. ⺠New studies of elevated CO2 at high and low latitudes are urgently needed.
@article{citeulike:10293931,
abstract = {{A key finding from elevated [CO2] field experiments is that the impact of elevated [CO2] on plant and ecosystem function is highly dependent upon other environmental conditions, namely temperature and the availability of nutrients and soil moisture. In addition, there is significant variation in the response to elevated [CO2] among plant functional types, species and crop varieties. However, experimental data on plant and ecosystem responses to elevated [CO2] are strongly biased to economically and ecologically important systems in the temperate zone. There is a multi-biome gap in experimental data that is most severe in the tropics and subtropics, but also includes high latitudes. Physiological understanding of the environmental conditions and species found at high and low latitudes suggest they may respond differently to elevated [CO2] than well-studied temperate systems. Addressing this knowledge gap should be a high priority as it is vital to understanding 21st century food supply and ecosystem feedbacks on climate change. \^{a}º Response of plants to elevated [CO2] is dependent upon other environmental conditions. \^{a}º There is ecologically and economically important variation in CO2 response within and among species. \^{a}º Experimental elevated [CO2] studies have been biased toward temperate species and ecosystems. \^{a}º Physiological understanding predicts that tropical species may respond differently to elevated [CO2]. \^{a}º New studies of elevated CO2 at high and low latitudes are urgently needed.}},
added-at = {2019-03-31T01:14:40.000+0100},
author = {Leakey, Andrew D. B. and Bishop, Kristen A. and Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2bd976d30dd0eaaacebc39fb2f745d911/dianella},
citeulike-article-id = {10293931},
citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2012.01.009},
comment = {(private-note)drought in the tropics and subtropics
Review
RR gs >RR LAI [1]
nutrient limitations develop over time in ecosystems [9,10]
dichotomy: arid or disturbed ecosystems can increase water use at elevated CO2 [2, 19]
also see [20]
Other interactions that influence response to CO2:
for C3 crops: N, H2O, oC
for C4 crops: H2O and oC
"for example, while greater tempertures increase the stimulation of productivity by elevated [CO2] in mesic conditions, the increase in water use at high temperature may combine with low water availability under semi arid and arid conditions to cause significant stress that cannot be ameliorated by elevated [CO2]"
Many biomes where FACE hasn't happened and we don't know what will happen
"key examples are the croplands of Africa and tropical Asia, where human well-being is tightly linked to local food supply and food security is significantly at risk from climate change [6**]
Important crops less FACE-d
Sorghum (C4), millet (C4), maize (C4), indica rice (C3), bananas (C3), cassava (C3)
different management practices
"frequent occurrence of climatic and/or ediaphic conditions that have no analogue in the temperate zone"
there may be no present day equivalent of climates that will be experienced by crops in many tropical countries by 2050 [40,41**]
rice becomes sterile at temperatures already observed in some tropical locations and this will likely decrease yields in the future, irrespective of [CO2]
**//but CO2 increases leaf temperature by closing stomata!//
reduced water use only enhances carbon gain / productivity when it is ameliorating a drought limitation
and if drought is big enough, the effects of CO2 are barely going to be noticed},
doi = {10.1016/j.pbi.2012.01.009},
interhash = {12b282caf4e9731fbb4e833afbe6407d},
intrahash = {bd976d30dd0eaaacebc39fb2f745d911},
issn = {13695266},
journal = {Current Opinion in Plant Biology},
keywords = {agriculture, citeulikeExport co2, face, food\_security, globalchange, subtropics, tropics},
month = jun,
number = 3,
pages = {228--236},
posted-at = {2013-12-15 17:11:10},
priority = {0},
timestamp = {2019-03-31T01:16:26.000+0100},
title = {{A multi-biome gap in understanding of crop and ecosystem responses to elevated CO2}},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2012.01.009},
volume = 15,
year = 2012
}