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Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing

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Abstract

We present the first cosmology results from large-scale structure in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) spanning 5000 deg$^2$. We perform an analysis combining three two-point correlation functions (3$\times$2pt): (i) cosmic shear using 100 million source galaxies, (ii) galaxy clustering, and (iii) the cross-correlation of source galaxy shear with lens galaxy positions. The analysis was designed to mitigate confirmation or observer bias; we describe specific changes made to the lens galaxy sample following unblinding of the results. We model the data within the flat $Łambda$CDM and $w$CDM cosmological models. We find consistent cosmological results between the three two-point correlation functions; their combination yields clustering amplitude $S_8=0.776^+0.017_-0.017$ and matter density $Ømega_m = 0.339^+0.032_-0.031$ in $Łambda$CDM, mean with 68% confidence limits; $S_8=0.775^+0.026_-0.024$, $Ømega_m = 0.352^+0.035_-0.041$, and dark energy equation-of-state parameter $w=-0.98^+0.32_-0.20$ in $w$CDM. This combination of DES data is consistent with the prediction of the model favored by the Planck 2018 cosmic microwave background (CMB) primary anisotropy data, which is quantified with a probability-to-exceed $p=0.13$ to $0.48$. When combining DES 3$\times$2pt data with available baryon acoustic oscillation, redshift-space distortion, and type Ia supernovae data, we find $p=0.34$. Combining all of these data sets with Planck CMB lensing yields joint parameter constraints of $S_8 = 0.812^+0.008_-0.008$, $Ømega_m = 0.306^+0.004_-0.005$, $h=0.680^+0.004_-0.003$, and $m_\nu<0.13 \;eV\; (95\% \;CL)$ in $Łambda$CDM; $S_8 = 0.812^+0.008_-0.008$, $Ømega_m = 0.302^+0.006_-0.006$, $h=0.687^+0.006_-0.007$, and $w=-1.031^+0.030_-0.027$ in $w$CDM. (abridged)

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Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing

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