This paper describes a system for the evolution and
co-evolution of virtual creatures that compete in
physically simulated three-dimensional worlds. Pairs of
individuals enter one-on-one contests in which they
contend to gain control of a common resource. The
winners receive higher relative fitness scores allowing
them to survive and reproduce. Realistic dynamics
simulation including gravity, collisions, and friction,
restricts the actions to physically plausible
behaviors. The morphology of these creatures and the
neural systems for controlling their muscle forces are
both genetically determined, and the morphology and
behavior can adapt to each other as they evolve
simultaneously. The genotypes are structured as
directed graphs of nodes and connections, and they can
efficiently but flexibly describe instructions for the
development of creatures' bodies and control systems
with repeating or recursive components. When simulated
evolutions are performed with populations of competing
creatures, interesting and diverse strategies and
counter-strategies emerge.
%0 Journal Article
%1 sims-evolving-3d-morphology-1994
%A Sims, Karl
%C Cambridge, MA, USA
%D 1994
%I MIT Press
%J Artificial Life
%K alife animation articulated\_figures computer\_animation control evolution file-import-09-04-02 genetic\_algorithm genotype\_representation physically-based robot\_formation variety
%N 4
%P 353--372
%T Evolving 3D Morphology and Behavior by Competition
%U http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=202161.202163
%V 1
%X This paper describes a system for the evolution and
co-evolution of virtual creatures that compete in
physically simulated three-dimensional worlds. Pairs of
individuals enter one-on-one contests in which they
contend to gain control of a common resource. The
winners receive higher relative fitness scores allowing
them to survive and reproduce. Realistic dynamics
simulation including gravity, collisions, and friction,
restricts the actions to physically plausible
behaviors. The morphology of these creatures and the
neural systems for controlling their muscle forces are
both genetically determined, and the morphology and
behavior can adapt to each other as they evolve
simultaneously. The genotypes are structured as
directed graphs of nodes and connections, and they can
efficiently but flexibly describe instructions for the
development of creatures' bodies and control systems
with repeating or recursive components. When simulated
evolutions are performed with populations of competing
creatures, interesting and diverse strategies and
counter-strategies emerge.
@article{sims-evolving-3d-morphology-1994,
abstract = {{This paper describes a system for the evolution and
co-evolution of virtual creatures that compete in
physically simulated three-dimensional worlds. Pairs of
individuals enter one-on-one contests in which they
contend to gain control of a common resource. The
winners receive higher relative fitness scores allowing
them to survive and reproduce. Realistic dynamics
simulation including gravity, collisions, and friction,
restricts the actions to physically plausible
behaviors. The morphology of these creatures and the
neural systems for controlling their muscle forces are
both genetically determined, and the morphology and
behavior can adapt to each other as they evolve
simultaneously. The genotypes are structured as
directed graphs of nodes and connections, and they can
efficiently but flexibly describe instructions for the
development of creatures' bodies and control systems
with repeating or recursive components. When simulated
evolutions are performed with populations of competing
creatures, interesting and diverse strategies and
counter-strategies emerge.}},
added-at = {2011-06-02T00:22:11.000+0200},
address = {Cambridge, MA, USA},
author = {Sims, Karl},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2ed054822df6e2605a07a3ae5737d6619/mhwombat},
citeulike-article-id = {2928898},
citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=202161.202163},
citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=202161.202163},
file = {:alife/alife94.pdf:PDF},
groups = {public},
interhash = {eb235aa4b23dae4116d07e28179be577},
intrahash = {ed054822df6e2605a07a3ae5737d6619},
issn = {1064-5462},
journal = {Artificial Life},
keywords = {alife animation articulated\_figures computer\_animation control evolution file-import-09-04-02 genetic\_algorithm genotype\_representation physically-based robot\_formation variety},
number = 4,
pages = {353--372},
posted-at = {2008-08-22 17:58:44},
priority = {0},
publisher = {MIT Press},
timestamp = {2016-07-12T19:25:30.000+0200},
title = {{Evolving 3D Morphology and Behavior by Competition}},
url = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=202161.202163},
username = {mhwombat},
volume = 1,
year = 1994
}