Abstract
An effective field theory exists describing a very large class of
biophysically interesting Coulomb gas systems: the lowest order (mean-field)
version of this theory takes the form of a generalized Poisson-Boltzmann
theory. Interaction terms depend on details (finite-size effects, multipole
properties, etc). Convergence of the loop expansion holds only if mutual
interactions of mobile charges are small compared to their interaction with the
fixed-charge environment, which is frequently not the case. Problems with the
strongly- coupled effective theory can be circumvented with an alternative
local lattice formulation, with real positive action. In realistic situations,
with variable dielectric, a determinant of the Poisson operator must be
inserted to generate correct electrostatics. Methods adopted from unquenched
lattice QCD do this very efficiently.
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