Abstract
We review the state of the field of terrestrial planet formation with the
goal of understanding the formation of the inner Solar System and low-mass
exoplanets. We review the dynamics and timescales of accretion from
planetesimals to planetary embryos and from embryos to terrestrial planets. We
discuss radial mixing and water delivery, planetary spins and the importance of
parameters regarding the disk and embryo properties. Next, we connect accretion
models to exoplanets. We first explain why the observed hot Super Earths
probably formed by in situ accretion or inward migration. We show how
terrestrial planet formation is altered in systems with gas giants by the
mechanisms of giant planet migration and dynamical instabilities. Standard
models of terrestrial accretion fail to reproduce the inner Solar System. The
"Grand Tack" model solves this problem using ideas first developed to explain
the giant exoplanets. Finally, we discuss whether most terrestrial planet
systems form in the same way as ours, and highlight the key ingredients missing
in the current generation of simulations.
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