Abstract
The quantum properties of electromagnetic, mechanical or any other type of
harmonic oscillator can be revealed by investigating its strong coherent
coupling to a single quantum two level system in an approach known as cavity
QED. At temperatures much lower than the characteristic energy level spacing
the observation of vacuum Rabi oscillations or mode splittings with one or a
few quanta asserts the quantum nature of the system. Here, we study how the
classical response of a quantum cavity QED system emerges when its thermal
occupation -- or effective temperature -- is raised gradually over 5 orders of
magnitude. In this way we explore in detail the continuous cross-over from a
quantum response to a classical response in the spirit of Bohr's correspondence
principle. We also demonstrate how to extract effective cavity field
temperatures from both spectroscopic and time-resolved vacuum Rabi
measurements.
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