Article,

Transition from a uni- to a bimodal interfacial charge distribution in LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ upon cooling

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Sci Rep, (Oct 27, 2020)
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74364-7

Abstract

We present a combined resonant soft X-ray reflectivity and electric transport study of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 field effect devices. The depth profiles with atomic layer resolution that are obtained from the resonant reflectivity reveal a pronounced temperature dependence of the two-dimensional electron liquid at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface. At room temperature the corresponding electrons are located close to the interface, extending down to 4 unit cells into the SrTiO3 substrate. Upon cooling, however, these interface electrons assume a bimodal depth distribution: They spread out deeper into the SrTiO3 and split into two distinct parts, namely one close to the interface with a thickness of about 4 unit cells and another centered around 9 unit cells from the interface. The results are consistent with theoretical predictions based on oxygen vacancies at the surface of the LaAlO3 film and support the notion of a complex interplay between structural and electronic degrees of freedom.

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