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Clustering dependence on Lyman-$\alpha$ luminosity from MUSE surveys at $3<z<6$

, , , , , , , , and .
(2023)cite arxiv:2301.04133Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 17 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables.

Abstract

Abbreviated We investigate the dependence of Lyman-$\alpha$ emitter (LAE) clustering on Lyman-$\alpha$ luminosity. We use 1030 LAEs from the MUSE-Wide survey, 679 LAEs from MUSE-Deep, and 367 LAEs from the to-date deepest ever spectroscopic survey, the MUSE Extremely Deep Field. All objects have spectroscopic redshifts of $3<z<6$ and cover a large dynamic range of Ly$\alpha$ luminosities: $40.15<(L_Ly\alpha/erg \:s^-1)<43.35$. We apply the Adelberger et al. K-estimator as the clustering statistic and fit the measurements with state-of-the-art halo occupation distribution (HOD) models. From the three main data sets, we find that the large-scale bias factor, the minimum mass to host one central LAE, $M_min$, and (on average) one satellite LAE, $M_1$, increase weakly with an increasing line luminosity. The satellite fractions are $łesssim10$% ($łesssim20$%) at $1\sigma$ ($3\sigma$) confidence level, supporting a scenario in which DMHs typically host one single LAE. We next bisected the three main samples into disjoint subsets to thoroughly explore the dependence of the clustering properties on $L_Ly\alpha$. We report a strong ($8\sigma$) clustering dependence on $L_Ly\alpha$, where the highest luminosity LAE subsample ($łog(L_Ly\alpha/erg \:s^-1)\approx42.53$) clusters more strongly ($b_high=3.13^+0.08_-0.15$) and resides in more massive DMHs ($łog(M_h/h^-1M_ødot)=11.43^+0.04_-0.10$) than the lowest luminosity one ($łog(L_Ly\alpha/erg \:s^-1)\approx40.97$), which presents a bias of $b_low=1.79^+0.08_-0.06$ and occupies $łog(M_h/h^-1M_ødot)=10.00^+0.12_-0.09$ halos. We discuss the implications of these results for evolving Ly$\alpha$ luminosity functions, halo mass dependent Ly$\alpha$ escape fractions, and incomplete reionization signatures.

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