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A $1.4$ deg$^2$ blind survey for CII, CIII and CIV at $z\sim0.7-1.5$. I: nature, morphologies and equivalent widths

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(2017)cite arxiv:1703.10169Comment: Submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcome! 17 pages, 12 figures, 8 tables.

Abstract

While traditionally associated with active galactic nuclei (AGN), the properties of the CII, CIII and CIV emission lines are still uncertain as large, unbiased samples of sources are scarce. We present the first blind, statistical study of CII, CIII and CIV emitters at $z\sim0.68,1.05,1.53$, respectively, uniformly selected down to a flux limit of $\sim4\times10^-17$ erg s$^-1$ cm$^-1$ through a narrow band survey covering an area of $\sim1.4$ deg$^2$ over COSMOS and UDS. We detect 16 CII, 35 CIII and 17 CIV emitters, whose nature we investigate using optical colours as well as HST, X-ray, radio and far infra-red data. We find that $z\sim0.7$ CII emitters are consistent with a mixture of blue (UV slope $\beta=-2.0\pm0.4$) star forming galaxies with disky HST structure and AGN with Seyfert-like morphologies. Bright CII emitters have individual X-ray detections as well as high average black hole accretion rates (BHAR) of $\sim0.1$ $M_ødot$ yr$^-1$. CIII emitters at $z\sim1.05$ trace a general population of SF galaxies, with $\beta=-0.8\pm1.1$, a variety of optical morphologies, including isolated and interacting galaxies and low BHAR ($<0.02$ $M_ødot$ yr$^-1$). Our CIV emitters at $z\sim1.5$ are consistent with young, blue quasars ($\beta\sim-1.9$) with point-like optical morphologies, bright X-ray counterparts and large BHAR ($0.8$ $M_ødot$ yr$^-1$). We also find some surprising CII, CIII and CIV emitters with rest-frame equivalent widths which could be as large as $50-100$ \AA. AGN or spatial offsets between the UV continuum stellar disk and the line emitting regions may explain the large EW. These bright CII, CIII and CIV emitters are ideal candidates for spectroscopic follow up to fully unveil their nature.

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