Misc,

Evolution of primordial magnetic fields in mean-field approximation

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(Apr 15, 2013)

Abstract

We study the evolution of phase-transition-generated cosmic magnetic fields coupled to the primeval cosmic plasma in turbulent and viscous free-streaming regimes. The evolution laws for the magnetic energy density and correlation length, both in helical and non-helical cases, are found by solving the autoinduction and Navier-Stokes equations in mean-field approximation. Analytical results are derived in Minkowski spacetime and then extended to the case of a Friedmann universe with zero spatial curvature, both in radiation and matter dominated eras. The three possible viscous free-streaming phases are characterized by a drag term in the Navier-Stokes equation which depends on the free-steaming properties of neutrinos, photons, or hydrogen atoms, respectively. In the case of non-helical magnetic fields, the magnetic intensity \$B\$ and the magnetic correlation length \$\xi\_B\$ evolve asymptotically with the temperature \$T\$ as \$B(T) \kappa\_B (N\_i v\_i)^\varrho\_1 (T/T\_i)^\varrho\_2\$ and \$\xi\_B(T) \kappa\_(N\_i v\_i)^\varrho\_3 (T/T\_i)^\varrho\_4\$. Here, \$T\_i\$, \$N\_i\$ and \$v\_i\$ are, respectively, the temperature, the number of magnetic domains per horizon, and the bulk velocity at the onset of the particular regime. The coefficients \$\kappa\_B\$, \$\kappa\_\xi\$, \$\varrho\_1\$, \$\varrho\_2\$, \$\varrho\_3\$, and \$\varrho\_4\$, depend on the index of the assumed initial power-law magnetic spectrum, \$p\$, and on the particular regime, with the order-one constants \$\kappa\_B\$ and \$\kappa\_\xi\$ depending also on the cut-off adopted for the initial magnetic spectrum. In the helical case, the quasi-conservation of the magnetic helicity implies, apart from logarithmic corrections and a factor proportional to the initial fractional helicity, power-like evolution laws equal to those in the non-helical case, but with \$p\$ equal to zero.

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