Abstract
Operating conditions in off-grid renewable energy systems (RES) vary
significantly in different applications and locations. To describe
RES and the operating conditions of their components it is useful
to define categories of similar operating conditions. Categories
can also be used for lifetime considerations of RES components, for
making recommendations and for analysing the properties and performance
of a RES and its components. Categories support system designers
and an economic analysis. This paper describes the process and the
results of creating RES categories of similar operating conditions
for batteries. Categories are defined in such a way that batteries
belonging to the same category are subjected to similar operating
conditions and a similar combination of stress factors. The results
provide a comprehensive overview of battery operating conditions
in existing off-grid renewable energy systems. This work is part
of the EU research project Benchmarking.1
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