Abstract
Multi-hadron operators are crucial for reliably extracting the masses of
excited states lying above multi-hadron thresholds in lattice QCD Monte Carlo
calculations. The construction of multi-hadron operators with significant
coupling to the lowest-lying states of interest involves combining single
hadron operators of various momenta. The design and implementation of large
sets of spatially-extended single-hadron operators of definite momentum and
their combinations into two-hadron operators are described. The single hadron
operators are all assemblages of gauge-covariantly-displaced, smeared quark
fields. Group-theoretical projections onto the irreducible representations of
the symmetry group of a cubic spatial lattice are used in all isospin channels.
Tests of these operators on 24^3 x 128 and 32^3 x 256 anisotropic lattices
using a stochastic method of treating the low-lying modes of quark propagation
which exploits Laplacian Heaviside quark-field smearing are presented. The
method provides reliable estimates of all needed correlations, even those that
are particularly difficult to compute, such as eta eta -> eta eta in the scalar
channel, which involves the subtraction of a large vacuum expectation value. A
new glueball operator is introduced, and the evaluation of the mixing of this
glueball operator with a quark-antiquark operator, pi-pi, and eta-eta operators
is shown to be feasible.
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