%0 Journal Article %1 1741-2552-9-5-056012 %A Hampson, Robert E %A Gerhardt, Greg A %A Marmarelis, Vasilis %A Song, Dong %A Opris, Ioan %A Santos, Lucas %A Berger, Theodore W %A Deadwyler, Sam A %D 2012 %J Journal of Neural Engineering %K bci neuroprothese neurowissenschaft transhumanismus %N 5 %P 056012 %T Facilitation and restoration of cognitive function in primate prefrontal cortex by a neuroprosthesis that utilizes minicolumn-specific neural firing %U http://stacks.iop.org/1741-2552/9/i=5/a=056012 %V 9 %X Objective . Maintenance of cognitive control is a major concern for many human disease conditions; therefore, a major goal of human neuroprosthetics is to facilitate and/or recover the cognitive function when such circumstances impair appropriate decision making. Approach . Minicolumnar activity from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) was recorded from nonhuman primates trained to perform a delayed match to sample (DMS), via custom-designed conformal multielectrode arrays that provided inter-laminar recordings from neurons in the PFC layer 2/3 and layer 5. Such recordings were analyzed via a previously demonstrated nonlinear multi-input–multi-output (MIMO) neuroprosthesis in rodents, which extracted and characterized multicolumnar firing patterns during DMS performance. Main results . The MIMO model verified that the conformal recorded individual PFC minicolumns responded to entrained target selections in patterns critical for successful DMS performance. This allowed the substitution of task-related layer 5 neuron firing patterns with electrical stimulation in the same recording regions during columnar transmission from layer 2/3 at the time of target selection. Such stimulation improved normal task performance, but more importantly, recovered performance when applied as a neuroprosthesis following the pharmacological disruption of decision making in the same task. Significance . These findings provide the first successful application of neuroprosthesis in the primate brain designed specifically to restore or repair the disrupted cognitive function.

@article{1741-2552-9-5-056012, abstract = {Objective . Maintenance of cognitive control is a major concern for many human disease conditions; therefore, a major goal of human neuroprosthetics is to facilitate and/or recover the cognitive function when such circumstances impair appropriate decision making. Approach . Minicolumnar activity from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) was recorded from nonhuman primates trained to perform a delayed match to sample (DMS), via custom-designed conformal multielectrode arrays that provided inter-laminar recordings from neurons in the PFC layer 2/3 and layer 5. Such recordings were analyzed via a previously demonstrated nonlinear multi-input–multi-output (MIMO) neuroprosthesis in rodents, which extracted and characterized multicolumnar firing patterns during DMS performance. Main results . The MIMO model verified that the conformal recorded individual PFC minicolumns responded to entrained target selections in patterns critical for successful DMS performance. This allowed the substitution of task-related layer 5 neuron firing patterns with electrical stimulation in the same recording regions during columnar transmission from layer 2/3 at the time of target selection. Such stimulation improved normal task performance, but more importantly, recovered performance when applied as a neuroprosthesis following the pharmacological disruption of decision making in the same task. Significance . These findings provide the first successful application of neuroprosthesis in the primate brain designed specifically to restore or repair the disrupted cognitive function.}, added-at = {2013-02-24T08:26:05.000+0100}, author = {Hampson, Robert E and Gerhardt, Greg A and Marmarelis, Vasilis and Song, Dong and Opris, Ioan and Santos, Lucas and Berger, Theodore W and Deadwyler, Sam A}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/21e8f8a2f582505df62e2259010923bd1/raphaelkirchner}, interhash = {c3545087b5d6e7583e0c5ae61a3ab708}, intrahash = {1e8f8a2f582505df62e2259010923bd1}, journal = {Journal of Neural Engineering}, keywords = {bci neuroprothese neurowissenschaft transhumanismus}, number = 5, pages = 056012, timestamp = {2013-02-24T08:26:58.000+0100}, title = {Facilitation and restoration of cognitive function in primate prefrontal cortex by a neuroprosthesis that utilizes minicolumn-specific neural firing}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1741-2552/9/i=5/a=056012}, volume = 9, year = 2012 }