Аннотация
Evaluation of ecological soil quality requires the integration of
physical, chemical, and biological variables. From a biological point
of view, the maintenance of biodiversity and the assurance of life
support functions are the main goals of protection to secure sustainable
land use. To reach these goals, biological concepts for the classification
and assessment of soils were developed in various countries, most
of them based on similar concepts in limnology and aquatic ecotoxicology,
which are already routinely applied. In this article, an overview
of existing concepts, as well as a detailed description of the two
most promising ones (BISQ from The Netherlands and BBSK from Germany),
is given, followed by a discussion of the properties essential to
an ideal biological concept for soil protection. Finally, recommendations
for further research and a basic outline of a monitoring program
ready for immediate use are provided.
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