Abstract
Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is a widely used but poorly understood statistical procedure. This paper described EFA and its methodological variations. Then, key methodological variations were used to evaluate EFA usage over a 10-year period in five leading developmental disabilities journals. Sixty-six studies were located and evaluated on multiple procedural variations. Only 35\% (n = 23) of studies used EFA; principal components analysis was the model used most often (n = 40, 61\%). Orthogonal rotation was used most often (n = 39, 59\%). A large portion of studies ran analyses with a subject: item ratio larger than 5:1 (n = 49, 74\%). Most researchers employed multiple criteria for retaining factors (n = 45, 68\%). Overall, results indicated that published recommendations and guidelines for the use of EFA are largely ignored.
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