Commentary on:
Haas JS, Linder JA, Park ER, et al. Proactive tobacco cessation outreach to smokers of low socioeconomic status: a randomised clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med 2015;175:218–26.
Implications for practice and research
Interactive technology can be used to engage low socioeconomic smokers in effective tobacco treatment outside of the traditional clinical setting.
Nurses should encourage all smokers to use evidence-based cessation strategies, including telephone-based counselling and pharmacotherapy.
More research is needed to address social and contextual factors impacting tobacco use. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens
Making Every Contact Count (MECC) is an approach to behaviour change that utilises day to day interactions that organisations and individuals have with other people to support them in making positive changes to their physical and mental health and wellbeing. MECC enables the opportunistic delivery of consistent and concise healthy lifestyle information and enables individuals to engage in conversations about their health at scale across organisations and populations.
There is a variety of ways that people can be supported to make better choices. Councils are demonstrating this through the way they are making use of behavioural insights to improve health. From exploiting digital technologies to stressing social norms in a bid to encourage people to make lifestyle changes, local authorities have started using behavioural insights to make a difference to people's lives.
The headline refers to a review of the effects of smoking bans in 21 countries, including England and Scotland. This found fewer admissions to hospitals for heart attacks and strokes following smoking bans. However, the bans didn't appear to encourage more people to stop smoking.
Some studies included in the review found a bigger reduction in heart attacks and strokes among non-smokers – who are no longer exposed to smoke in public places – than smokers, who are still exposed to their own smoke.
Building on the agenda set out in the Five Year Forward View, NHS England is launching today a new three year programme to support social movements in health and care.
Working initially with six new care model vanguards across England, this programme will develop, test and spread effective ways of mobilising people in social movements that improve health and care outcomes and show a positive return on investment.
Results Retirees who had two group memberships prior to retirement had a 2% risk of death in the first 6 years of retirement if they maintained membership in two groups, a 5% risk if they lost one group and a 12% risk if they lost both groups. Furthermore, for every group membership that participants lost in the year following retirement, their experienced quality of life 6 years later was approximately 10% lower. These relationships are robust when controlling for key sociodemographic variables (age, gender, relationship status and socioeconomic status prior to retirement). A comparison with a matched control group confirmed that these effects were specific to those undergoing the transition to retirement. The effect of social group memberships on mortality was comparable to that of physical exercise.
Last month the UK Chief Medical Officers (CMOs) published new guidelines for alcohol consumption. These are the first new guidelines since 1995 and are based on the latest evidence on the effects of alcohol consumption on health.
The guidelines provide recommendations for weekly drinking limits, single drinking episodes and recommendations for pregnant women, drawing heavily on the Sheffield Alcohol Policy Model, which uses the most up to date evidence on both the short- and long-term risks of alcohol.
"No safe way to suntan, new NICE guidance warns," BBC News reports. The guidelines, produced by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), also stresses the benefits of moderate sun exposure.
This will help prevent vitamin D deficiency; which is more common in the UK than many people realise. It is estimated that around one in five adults and older children (aged between 11 and 18) have low vitamin D status. The figure is around one in seven for younger children.
Previous studies have reported that people who use a smoking cessation medication while smoking and reduce cigarette consumption spontaneously are three times more likely to stop smoking after a quit date. The aim was to replicate this and assess whether it arises because of willed effortful reduction rather than unwilled reduced drive to smoke caused by medication. Please contact the library to receive a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Objectives Simultaneously define diet, physical activity, television (TV) viewing, and sleep duration across cardiometabolic disease groups, and investigate clustering of non-diet lifestyle behaviours. Open Access Article
To research the subjective lay justifications expressed by smoking pregnant women to explain why they use cigarettes during pregnancy and to determine a typology for these justifications. Login using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens for full text. SSOTP - request a copy of the article from the library - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Many middle-aged and older persons have more than one chronic condition. Thus, it is important to synthesise the effectiveness of interventions across several comorbidities. The aim of this systematic review was to summarise current evidence regarding the effectiveness of Tai Chi in individuals with four common chronic conditions—cancer, osteoarthritis (OA), heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details
"Desperate to lose weight?" asks the Mail Online. "Eat almonds! Handful a day 'wards off hunger and replaces empty calories from junk food'," it says, without any justification.
It's hard to see where the headline's over-excited promises of weight loss or reduced hunger come from. The study they write about showed an improvement in diet quality for a small number of people asked to eat almonds daily for three-weeks. However, it did not measure the effect of almonds on weight loss, dieting or hunger pangs.
Physical inactivity is a major and increasing contributor to poor health and premature death across the world. People can increase their health-enhancing physical activity (PA) levels through a combination of personal efforts and a supportive and conducive environment. Healthcare has a key role to play, but needs more knowledge, organisation and incentives to fulfil its potential. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens
The WHO has concluded that physical activity reduces the risk of numerous diseases. However, few systemic reviews have been performed to assess the role of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) in lowering the risk of cancer in a dose-dependent manner and furthermore the suitability of recommendation of physical activity by the WHO. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens
Random effects meta-analysis of nine cross sectional studies demonstrated higher exposure (typically highest vs lowest quantile) to smoking in movies was significantly associated with a doubling in risk of ever trying smoking (RR 1.93, 95% CI 1.66 to 2.25). In 8 longitudinal studies (all deemed high quality), higher exposure to smoking in movies was significantly associated with a 46% increased risk of initiating smoking (RR 1.46; 95% CI 1.23 to 1.73). These pooled estimates were significantly different from each other (p = 0.02). Moderate levels of heterogeneity were seen in the meta-analyses. Login using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens details for full text. SSOTP - request a copy of the article from the library http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
We know that stopping smoking is difficult, and while research shows that the majority of smokers affected by mental illness want to quit, many people aren't offered the right support.
One of the pilot projects currently being evaluated within the Innovation Network looks at how people are supported to stop smoking in different types of mental health service. During this evaluation, many Mental Health Trusts have gone smoke-free, with more to come during 2016. Today is No Smoking Day and we asked ASH to talk about some of the work they’ve been doing over the last few months around smoking and mental health.
A survey of 450,000 Spanish workers reveals half of obese people do not present metabolic abnormalities such as disturbed insulin signalling or inflammation. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details
Background: Nicotine receptor partial agonists may help people to stop smoking by a combination of maintaining moderate levels of dopamine to counteract withdrawal symptoms (acting as an agonist) and reducing smoking satisfaction (acting as an antagonist).
Objectives: To review the efficacy of nicotine receptor partial agonists, including varenicline and cytisine, for smoking cessation.
Although many women spontaneously quit smoking when they find out they’re pregnant, approximately 11% of women in the UK continue to smoke during their pregnancy. The health implications of this are estimated to amount to an annual economic burden of approximately £23.5 million.
The NHS Stop Smoking Service provides support for pregnant women to quit smoking during their pregnancy at an annual cost of over £5 million (or £235 per successful quitter). However, despite successful smoking abstinence during pregnancy using this service, many women restart smoking after giving birth (i.e. postpartum), increasing their risk of smoking related diseases and their offspring’s risk of passive smoking and becoming smokers themselves.
Jones and colleagues conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate just how high the rates of restarting smoking postpartum are among those women who have received support to quit smoking during their pregnancy.
Yesterday the Royal College of Physicians (RCP) published the latest in a series of major reports on tobacco and nicotine, a series that first began in 1962. This report assesses the public health controversies surrounding low risk non-combustible nicotine products (“nicotine without smoke”), such as e-cigarettes.
Controversies centre around:
How harmful e-cigarettes and other non-combustible products are, when compared to smoking tobacco
Whether these products somehow encourage smoking through gateway effects, ‘renormalising’ smoking or reducing the rate at which smokers quit
The role of the tobacco industry
Electronic cigarettes could help reduce death and disability caused by smoking, Britain's biggest killer, according to The BMJ.
Reviewing a new report by the Royal College of Physicians (RCP) on the role of e-cigarettes in tobacco harm reduction, Professor John Britton and colleagues argue that e-cigarettes and other non-tobacco nicotine products 'offer the potential to radically reduce harm from smoking in our society. This is an opportunity that should be taken.' To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details
Golf is a sport played in 206 countries worldwide by over 50 million people. It is possible that participation in golf, which is a form of physical activity, may be associated with effects on longevity, the cardiovascular, metabolic and musculoskeletal systems, as well as on mental health and well-being. We outline our scoping review protocol to examine the relationships and effects of golf on physical and mental health. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details
This guide suggests a range of practical action for local authorities, from overall policy to practical implementation. It highlights the importance of community involvement and sets out steps for transport and public health practitioners.
However, there are many important limitations to this review. This includes the possibility that the search methods may have missed relevant studies, not looking at levels of other blood fats (e.g. total and HDL cholesterol), and the possibility that other health and lifestyle factors are influencing the link.
Most importantly, as the researchers acknowledge, these findings do not take account of statin use, which lowers cholesterol. People found to have high LDL cholesterol at the study's start may have subsequently been started on statins, which could have prevented deaths.
To analyze the current paradigm and clinical practice for dealing with alcohol use disorders (AUD) in primary health care. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
This note provides a summary of statistics on drinking alcohol among adults in Great Britain and children in England. Data on alcohol related hospital admissions in England and Scotland and alcohol related deaths in England is also shown.
Motivational interviewing is a collaborative conversational style. It has been shown to be effective, in addressing health behaviors such as diet, exercise, weight loss and chronic disease management. In Sweden, it is one of the approaches to disease prevention conversations with patients recommended in the National Guidelines for Disease Prevention. Research on the mechanisms underlying motivational interviewing is growing, but research on motivational interviewing and disease prevention has also been called for. Login using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens for full text. SSOTP - You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Come and visit our first pop-up library at Severn Fields, Shrewsbury 19th July 11.00am-3.00pm. Join the library, borrow and return books, get help finding information and evidence, set up an Athens account, find out what the library can do for you and your team.
Move More aims to make Sheffield the more active city in the UK by making it easier in every part of life to be physically active. Currently, 30% of the population in Sheffield are inactive, doing less than 30 minutes of physical activity per week.
Non-communicable disease is a leading threat to global health. Physical inactivity is a large contributor to this problem; in fact, the WHO ranks it as the fourth leading risk factor for overall morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Canada, at least 4 of 5 adults do not meet the Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines of 150 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week. Physicians play an important role in the dissemination of physical activity (PA) recommendations to a broad segment of the population, as over 80% of Canadians visit their doctors every year and prefer to get health information directly from them. Unfortunately, most physicians do not regularly assess or prescribe PA as part of routine care, and even when discussed, few provide specific recommendations. PA prescription has the potential to be an important therapeutic agent for all ages in primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of chronic disease To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details
The challenge of increasing and sustaining the physical activity levels of the UK's child and adult populations has been central to national policies and plans since the mid-1990s. A consistent feature of these plans has been the role of the healthcare setting in the promotion of physical activity for the prevention and treatment of disease. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details
High amounts of sedentary behaviour have been associated with increased risks of several chronic conditions and mortality. However, it is unclear whether physical activity attenuates or even eliminates the detrimental effects of prolonged sitting. We examined the associations of sedentary behaviour and physical activity with all-cause mortality. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
A number of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies are available with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion (an atypical antidepressant) and varenicline (a partial nicotine receptor agonist) being the most common. Although there are mixed results concerning their efficacy (see this blog or that blog), a recent Cochrane review describes them as effective treatments for smoking cessation.
Although there are a large number of randomised controlled trails (RCTs) concentrating on the efficacy of these interventions, safety analyses tend to be secondary outcomes. These studies have generally concluded although some side effects are apparent, for example varenicline can cause nausea and bupropion can cause insomnia, they are generally well tolerated. It is notable that many of these RCTs exclude individuals with psychiatric comorbidities. Given the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the UK (particularly anxiety and depression) and the elevated smoking rates in these populations, it is important to establish the safety of these pharmacotherapies in diverse populations.
The Evaluating Adverse Events in a Global Smoking Cessation Study (EAGLES) trial (Anthenelli et al, 2016) is a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled RCT exploring the safety of varenicline, bupropion, and NRT (in patches) in smokers with and without psychiatric illness. A secondary analysis of efficacy was also reported.
Youth alcohol consumption is a major global public health concern. Previous reviews have concluded that exposure to alcohol marketing was associated with earlier drinking initiation and higher alcohol consumption among youth. This review examined longitudinal studies published since those earlier reviews. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Objective To better understand the association between a modified Mediterranean diet pattern in young adulthood, cardiorespiratory fitness in young adulthood, and the odds of developing pre-diabetes or diabetes by middle age. Open Access Article
Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are electronic devices that heat a liquid into an aerosol for inhalation. The liquid usually comprises propylene glycol and glycerol, with or without nicotine and flavours, and stored in disposable or refillable cartridges or a reservoir. Since ECs appeared on the market in 2006 there has been a steady growth in sales. Smokers report using ECs to reduce risks of smoking, but some healthcare organizations, tobacco control advocacy groups and policy makers have been reluctant to encourage smokers to switch to ECs, citing lack of evidence of efficacy and safety. Smokers, healthcare providers and regulators are interested to know if these devices can help smokers quit and if they are safe to use for this purpose. This review is an update of a review first published in 2014.
This document provides a guide to developing key performance indicators for child and family weight management services. Use these KPIs in line with the service guide.
Free access. Commentary to: How should we set consumption thresholds for low risk drinking guidelines? Achieving objectivity and transparency using evidence, expert judgement and pragmatism.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a preventable condition reported in 6.5 to 11 per 100 000 cases of measles, and highest in children who contracted measles infection when they were less than 5 years of age. Children residing in areas with poor vaccination coverage and high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus are at increased risk of developing SSPE. SSPE is life‐threatening in most affected children. This report documents current data relating to the clinical phenotype, epidemiology, and understanding of SSPE, inclusive of preventive interventions.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens details. To access full-text: click “Log in/Register” (top right hand side). Click ‘Institutional Login’ then select 'OpenAthens Federation', then ‘NHS England’. Enter your Athens details to view the article.
Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses explaining the relationship between carbohydrate quality and health have usually examined a single marker and a limited number of clinical outcomes. We aimed to more precisely quantify the predictive potential of several markers, to determine which markers are most useful, and to establish an evidence base for quantitative recommendations for intakes of dietary fibre.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
BPS Blog post by Christian Jarrett. If you're a regular runner and wondering whether it's worth progressing to taking part in organised races, these findings suggest it's worth a try.
BPS If you’re planning to take off weight in the new year and it suddenly seems like food is everywhere – and is especially enticing – that’s probably your mind playing a particularly unhelpful trick on you. Thinking about food, even in terms of trying to avoid it, can actually make it more likely that you’ll notice food in your environment, especially if you’re already overweight or obese.
That’s according to a recent study in the International Journal of Obesity that compared how overweight and healthy weight people pay attention to food. Food cues – sights, smells, advertisements and social contexts like parties – are everywhere these days, so understanding why some people find it harder to ignore them could be key to designing weight loss programmes.
Most e‐cigarette users who also smoke combustible cigarettes (dual users) begin vaping to quit smoking, yet only a subset succeeds. We hypothesized that reinforcing characteristics of e‐cigarettes (Vaping Reinforcement) would positively predict smoking cessation propensity (SCP) among dual users.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens details. To access full-text: click “Log in/Register” (top right hand side). Click ‘Institutional Login’ then select 'OpenAthens Federation', then ‘NHS England’. Enter your Athens details to view the article.
Views and Reviews. As healthcare providers, it’s easy to forget to look after ourselves at work. We know that taking breaks and eating and drinking regularly is a critical component of being “optimised,” helping to sustain our energy, concentration, and performance, and reduce the risk of human error. Yet, for many, the realities of working in busy, modern hospitals get in the way. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Conclusions: Our findings support the use of the internet and Facebook as an important potential avenue for reaching mothers with information relevant to their own health, child health, child diet, and active play. However, further research is required to understand the best avenues for engaging fathers with information on healthy family lifestyle behaviors to support this important role in their child’s life.
The guidelines emphasise the importance of building strength and balance for adults, and include recommendations for pregnant women, new mothers and disabled people.
Infographics explaining the physical activity needed for general health benefits for all age groups, disabled adults, pregnant women and women after childbirth.
Facebook and Instagram have announced that they will remove posts promoting ‘miracle’ cures and get-slim-quick products, which are known to have limited benefits with possible damaging side-effects.
The move follows a series of requests from health service chiefs including NHS chief executive Simon Stevens to act responsibly and protect users from content that could cause physical or mental harm.
None of us enjoys having our job cut into our leisure time. So the next time your boss asks you to work late and miss your band rehearsal or board game night, point them to a new study in the Journal of Vocational Behavior. Researchers have found that spending more time on a hobby can boost people’s confidence in their ability to perform their job well. But watch out — if your hobby is too similar to your work, then increased time on leisure activities may actually have a detrimental effect.
To assess prevalence and predictors of e‐cigarettes/cigarettes patterns of use in adolescents in England.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens details. To access full-text: click “Log in/Register” (top right hand side). Click ‘Institutional Login’ then select 'OpenAthens Federation', then ‘NHS England’. Enter your Athens details to view the article.
Commissioned by Health Education England, this framework has been produced by Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust's national workforce skills development unit to help organisations minimise the impact of workforce stress.
Blog post. Crisps, coke, and chocolate bars. What might be a special treat for some of us, is now a multi-billion pound industry and a staple of many people’s diets. Advertising campaigns from the snack food companies, often starring sports stars, send the message that we can offset any adverse effects of consuming their products simply by getting more physical exercise. But you can’t really “run off” a burger – recent studies show a lack of exercise is not to blame for rising obesity rates, bad diets are the real driver.
This study shows an association between increased intake of individual saturated fats and increased risk of coronary heart disease.
It also shows a link between the replacement of these fatty acids with other types of fat, plant protein, or wholegrain carbohydrates and a reduction in coronary heart disease risk.
The strengths of this study are the large sample size and long follow-up period that looked at repeated measures such as diet, lifestyle and health outcomes.
Limitations also found with the study
Commentary on:
Martin CK, Bhapkar M, Pittas AG, et al. Effect of calorie restriction on mood, quality of life, sleep and sexual function in healthy nonobese adults: the CALERIE 2 randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med 2016;176:743–52.
Context
Studies have demonstrated that caloric restriction (CR) increases longevity in animals and also decreases the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer in humans without obesity.1 ,2 It is hypothesised that these favourable CR effects may be related to a reduction in metabolism, reduced core temperature and lowered triiodothyronine(T3).3 While it is unlikely that studies will ascertain whether CR extends life, intermediate length studies may be able to determine the safety, tolerability and feasibility of CR and its effects on chronic disease development and biomarkers correlated with longevity.2 This study aimed to examine the sustained effects of a 25% CR on health-related quality of life (QOL) in individuals without … To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details
People under the age of 50 who smoke are more than eight times as likely as non-smokers to have a heart attack, a study found. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details
Objective: To determine the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a novel smartphone-based smoking cessation app designed for socioeconomically disadvantaged smokers. [US study]
PHE insights show that the 2 biggest motivators for smokers to quit are for their health and their families so PHE has released a new emotive short film featuring children’s TV doctor Dr Ranj Singh. Primary school children in Coventry work with Dr Ranj to create their own heartfelt messages about the dangers of smoking. The messages focus on the damage smoking does to the heart and circulatory system.
The Scottish Government plans to introduce a minimum unit price for alcohol on 1 May 2018. Its favoured rate is 50 pence. The Welsh National Assembly is currently considering the introduction of a minimum unit price for Wales. In a new briefing note published today, IFS researchers show that this proposed 50 pence minimum unit price would have a big impact on prices.
Marie Crabbe looks at a recent retrospective cohort study which explores the contribution of alcohol use disorders to the burden of dementia in France.
Retirement is a major life transition which may influence health behaviours and time use. Little is known about how sedentary behaviour changes as a result of increased time availability after retirement. The aim of this study was to examine changes in non-occupational sedentary behaviours across the retirement transition. In addition, we examined which preretirement characteristics were associated with these changes. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Based on a growing body of epidemiological and biomedical studies, physical activity (PA) is considered a cornerstone in type 2 diabetes treatment. However, it is also a practice embedded in daily life and, as such, may produce certain frictions as a topic in health care. The aim of this article is to give in-depth insight into experiences of health care professionals with the delivery of PA counselling to people with type 2 diabetes.
Studies have shown that alcohol consumption is a risk factor for oral, pharyngeal, laryngeal, esophageal, liver, colon, rectal and breast cancer. It would therefore be expected that cancer prevention organizations would incorporate these facts into their public stance on the consumption of alcohol. The aims of this study were to: (1) assess how national cancer societies in developed English‐speaking countries [i.e. English‐speaking countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD)] communicate alcohol‐related cancer risk to the public and (2) compare whether these organization's advocacy of increased alcohol taxes is in line with their advocacy of tobacco tax increases to reduce cancer risk.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
We compared the effectiveness of an intensive smoking cessation intervention among smokers with and without a severe mental disorder (SMD) and identified factors associated with successful quitting. The main hypothesis was that smokers with an SMD would be less likely to stay continuously smoke-free for 6 months.
Open Access Article
Meta-analysis was used to assess the clinical efficacy of acupuncture treatment for simple obesity and to provide evidence-based medical data for treating obesity with acupuncture. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Mass media tobacco control campaigns can reach large numbers of people. Much of the literature is focused on the effects of tobacco control advertising on young people, but there are also a number of evaluations of campaigns targeting adult smokers, which show mixed results. Campaigns may be local, regional or national, and may be combined with other components of a comprehensive tobacco control policy.
Daily smoking has been associated with a greater risk of psychosis. However, we are still lacking studies to adjust for baseline psychotic experiences and other substance use. We examined associations between daily smoking and psychosis risk in a 15-year follow-up while accounting for these covariates in a prospective sample (N = 6081) from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986.. To read the full article, log in using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens details. SSOTP - You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Numerous randomised controlled trials (RCT) have examined the effectiveness of web-based physical activity interventions, and overall, these intervention studies have found to increase participants’ physical activity levels. Few studies, however, have examined how well these interventions work in ‘real world’ or ecologically valid settings, where there are no repeated contacts with research staff, comprehensive assessments or incentives.
To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Anaphylaxis is a serious systemic allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death. Despite numerous national and international guidelines and consensus statements, common misconceptions still persist in terms of diagnosis and appropriate management, both among healthcare professionals and patient/carers. We address some of these misconceptions and highlight the optimal approach for patients who experience potentially life-threatening allergic reactions.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Tasters Fried Chicken Shop in Tottenham, London has been trialling healthier options, with support from Healthy High Streets, a programme initiated by the Healthy London Partnership.
Many smokers use e-cigarettes and licensed nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), often in an attempt to reduce their cigarette consumption. We estimated how far changes in prevalence of e-cigarette and NRT use while smoking were accompanied by changes in cigarette consumption at the population level.
Open Access Article
Objective To examine whether the associations between sedentary behaviours (ie, daily sitting/TV-viewing time) and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer differ by different levels of physical activity (PA).
To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Body mass index (BMI) is correlated negatively with subjective well-being and positively with depressive symptoms. Whether these associations reflect causal effects is unclear.
To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
The health of citizens across Europe, including the UK, needs to be protected from health threats that know no borders and tackling these health risks effectively requires joined-up policies and action.
This briefing from the Brexit Health Alliance (BHA) and the Faculty of Public Health, a member of the Alliance, sets out how people across Europe currently benefit from the close collaboration between the UK and EU on public health, and proposes solutions to maintain and improve a high level of public health protection after the UK leaves the European Union.
A set of training tools providing evidence-based healthy weight messages for health and social care professionals to give to children, young people and families.
Aerobic exercise – any activity that gets your heart pumping harder – improves mood, anxiety and memory. It can help people with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and anxiety disorder. Now there’s evidence, from a randomised controlled trial published in Frontiers in Psychiatry, that a programme of regular aerobic exercise also reduces psychopathology in people diagnosed with schizophrenia. And it seems to have a particular impact on so-called “negative” symptoms, such as apathy and loss of emotional feeling, which are not improved by standard drug treatments.
The Health and Wellbeing Fund is giving 23 social prescribing projects in England a share of £4.5 million to extend existing social prescribing schemes or establish new ones.
‘Social prescribing’ aims to improve patients’ quality of life, health and wellbeing by recognising that health is affected by a range of social, economic and environmental factors. It has also been shown to reduce demand on NHS services.
Using smoking cessation medications for several weeks prior to quitting smoking facilitates quitting success, but how it does so is not clear. Candidate theories are that pre‐cessation medication enhances self‐efficacy, facilitates medication adherence post‐quit, induces aversion to smoking, reduces reward from smoking, or reduces the drive to smoke. We investigated these pathways using data from a large trial of nicotine preloading, using mediation analysis.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai