Mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 is a serin/threonine kinase originally isolated from lipopolysaccharide stimulated monocytes. There are 4 isoforms; p38-a activation has been most widely studied for inflammation...
Inflammatory cytokines may act during the initial stages of disc degeneration. Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-8, and Dexamethasone in the Focal Adhesion Kinase Expression by Human Nucleus Pulposus Cell. Bo Keun Jee, et al.