The New Opportunities Made Possible Through Ease of Access to Scholarly and Research Data and Information Summary: The ever-greater online availability of data and information is tending to what we might characterize as syntactic completeness. That is to say, we have an ever-better knowledge of all possible data and ensuing information in the particular domain of scholarly research. In this position statement, we note how the mathematical and computational modelling of data and information are crucial for semantic completeness. Use of data and information implies a well-elaborated understanding of both their syntax and their semantics. More transparent and hence better quality evaluation of both product and process is made possible.