We've all heard of 'six degrees of separation', the idea that everyone in the world can be connected in just a few steps. But what if those steps don't just relate to people but also to viruses, neurons, proteins and even to fashion trends? What if this 'six degrees of separation' allowed us an insight into something at the core of Nature?
Excellence of any sort--excellent dancing, excellent quarterbacking, excellent woodworking--has no waste. You fix wordy writing by doing the same job using fewer words.
The goal of this book is to provide practical information on how to gain the largest possible benefit from your connection to the Internet. By applying the monitoring and optimisation techniques discussed here, the effectiveness of your network can be significantly improved.
In mathematical logic, Gödel's incompleteness theorems, proved by Kurt Gödel in 1931, are two theorems stating inherent limitations of all but the most trivial formal systems for arithmetic of mathematical interest. The theorems are of considerable importance to the philosophy of mathematics. They are widely regarded as showing that Hilbert's program to find a complete and consistent set of axioms for all of mathematics is impossible, thus giving a negative answer to Hilbert's second problem.
fastutil extends the Java™ Collections Framework by providing type-specific maps, sets, lists and queues with a small memory footprint and fast access and insertion; it also includes a fast I/O API for binary and text files. It is free software distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License.
Welcome to OSDev.org, the largest online community of operating system developers. If you want to learn how to write your own OS we have all the information to get you started. Read our OS development wiki to learn where to start. The forums are a great place to discuss OS theory and ask for help when you get stuck. Don't forget to add a link on the OS List to your OS project once it gets going.
If two numbers b and c have the property that their difference b-c is integrally divisible by a number m (i.e., (b-c)/m is an integer), then b and c are said to be "congruent modulo m."
Netlib is a collection of mission-critical software components for linear algebra systems (i.e. working with vectors or matrices). Netlib libraries are written in C, Fortran or optimised assembly code. A Java translation has been provided by the F2J project but it does not take advantage of optimised system libraries.
Delta Debugging automates the scientific method of debugging. The Delta Debugging algorithm isolates failure causes automatically - by systematically narrowing down failure-inducing circumstances until a minimal set remains.
This series of three talks will give a nontechnical, high level overview of geometric complexity theory (GCT), which is an approach to the P vs. NP problem via algebraic geometry, representation theory, and the theory of a new class of quantum groups, called nonstandard quantum groups, that arise in this approach.
The Community Z Tools (CZT) project is building a set of tools for editing, typechecking and animating formal specifications written in the Z specification language, with some support for Z extensions such as Object-Z, Circus, and TCOZ. These tools are all built using the CZT Java framework for Z tools.
In mathematics and physics, a small-world network is a type of mathematical graph in which most nodes are not neighbors of one another, but most nodes can be reached from every other by a small number of hops or steps. A small world network, where nodes represent people and edges connect people that know each other, captures the small world phenomenon of strangers being linked by a mutual acquaintance.
JCublas is providing Java bindings for the NVIDIA CUDA BLAS implementation, thus making the parallel processing power of modern graphics hardware available for Java programs.
The MCL algorithm is short for the Markov Cluster Algorithm, a fast and scalable unsupervised cluster algorithm for graphs based on simulation of (stochastic) flow in graphs.
This is a guide to the LaTeX markup language. It is intended that this can serve as a useful resource for everyone from new users who wish to learn, to old hands who need a quick reference.
In a recent piece called Strong Typing vs. Strong Testing, noted programmer and author Bruce Eckel makes an argument that dynamically typed languages such as Python are superior to statically typed languages such as Java and C++. I've done quite a bit of Python and Java programming, and even a little C++, so I can appreciate his position, but I think the conclusion goes too far. Whether Python is more productive than C++ or Java is one thing, whether static typing in general should be abandoned is quite another.
EM has been shown to have favorable convergence properties, automatical satisfaction of constraints, and fast convergence. The next section explains the traditional approach to deriving the EM algorithm and proving its convergence property. Section 3.3 covers the interpretion the EM algorithm as the maximization of two quantities: the entropy and the expectation of complete-data likelihood. Then, the K-means algorithm and the EM algorithm are compared. The conditions under which the EM algorithm is reduced to the K-means are also explained. The discussion in Section 3.4 generalizes the EM algorithm described in Sections 3.2 and 3.3 to problems with partial-data and hidden-state. We refer to this new type of EM as the doubly stochastic EM. Finally, the chapter is concluded in Section 3.5.
MegaMap is a Java implementation of a map (or hashtable) that can store an unbounded amount of data, limited only by the amount of disk space available. Objects stored in the map are persisted to disk. Good performance is achieved by an in-memory cache. The MegaMap can, for all practical reasons, be thought of as a map implementation with unlimited storage space.
Résumé, Curriculum Vitae or simply CV is an important brief about your professional life. It is likely to be one of the first contacts with a prospective employer. Curriculum Vitae means course of life in Latin. So what exactly should a Résumé contain and how detailed should it be? There is no silver bullet answer. ...
Categories are pages that are used to group other pages on similar subjects together. This is done to help users find the pages they are looking for, even if they do not know whether it exists or what it is called.
Every page should belong to at least one category. A page may often be in several categories. However, putting a page in too many categories may not be useful.
OnlyWire syndicates your content and articles to the web's top social networking sites with a single button click. The OnlyWire Bookmark & Share button gives your website and blog visitors the ability to post your content to all of their social networking sites.
Consensus clustering has emerged as an important elaboration of the classical clustering problem. Consensus clustering, also called aggregation of clustering (or partitions), refers to the situation in which a number of different (input) clusterings have been obtained for a particular dataset and it is desired to find a single (consensus) clustering which is a better fit in some sense than the existing clusterings. Consensus clustering is thus the problem of reconciling clustering information about the same data set coming from different sources or from different runs of the same algorithm. When cast as an optimization problem, consensus clustering is known as median partition, and has been shown to be NP-complete.
The M-tree is an index structure that can be used for the efficient resolution of similarity queries on complex objects to be compared using an arbitrary metric
Due to an explosion of data, there has been an increasing demand for scalable machine learning and data mining algorithms in many applications, such as social network analysis, information retrieval, recommendation system, biology applications, multimedia, and e-commerce. The objective of this special issue is to connect academia and industry on the methods and experiences of large scale data analysis. We look for scalable machine learning, data mining algorithms, implementations, frameworks and case studies that target at real and practical scenarios for large datasets. The focus is to identify the real challenges in large-scale data mining and to investigate the scalable methods and practical solutions of the core machine learning and data mining problems with respect to both theoretical and experimental perspectives.
The GWT Window Manager provides a high level windowing system for the GWT applications. It offers a desktop component, dialog features , free floating windows and more. Try it by yourself and feel free to use it, it's free!
BitC is a new systems programming language. It seeks to combine the flexibility, safety, and richness of Standard ML or Haskell with the low-level expressiveness of C.
Wikipedia is a terrific knowledge resource, and many recent studies in artificial intelligence, information retrieval and related fields used Wikipedia to endow computers with (some) human knowledge. Wikipedia dumps are publicly available in XML format, but they have a few shortcomings. First, they contain a lot of information that is often not used when Wikipedia texts are used as knowledge (e.g., ids of users who changed each article, timestamps of article modifications). On the other hand, the XML dumps do not contain a lot of useful information that could be inferred from the dump, such as link tables, category hierarchy, resolution of redirection links etc.
This is a list of Wikipedia's major topic classifications. These are used throughout Wikipedia to organize the presentation of links to articles on its various reference systems, including Wikipedia's lists, portals, and categories.
This is a "tree of all knowledge" category, a top-level place to start when browsing Wikipedia categories for articles. This is the top level in terms of encyclopedia article function and content. It is intended to contain all and only the few most fundamental ontological categories which can reasonably be expected to contain every possible Wikipedia article under their category trees. These categories are: physical entities; biological entities; social entities; and intellectual entities.
An alternative root category, based on a somewhat more detailed initial classification, is Category:Main topic classifications.
This website provides tutorials and sample course content so CS students and educators can learn more about current computing technologies and paradigms. In particular, this content is Creative Commons licensed which makes it easy for CS educators to use in their own classes.
The Courses section contains tutorials, lecture slides, and problem sets for a variety of topic areas:
AJAX Programming
Algorithms
Distributed Systems
Web Security
Languages
In the Tools 101 section, you will find a set of introductions to some common tools used in Computer Science such as version control systems and databases.
The CS Curriculum Search will help you find teaching materials that have been published to the web by faculty from CS departments around the world. You can refine your search to display just lectures, assignments or reference materials for a set of courses.
The FOSS in Research and Student Innovation Miniconf brings together researchers and students with an active interest in Free and Open Source Software with the broader Linux.conf.au community to highlight exciting work taking place within the often esoteric world of academia and educational institutions.
The Miniconf is part of Linux.conf.au 2011, being held at the QUT Gardens Point Campus in Brisbane, Queensland in January.
Topics are split into two streams: FOSS in Research, which invites presentations on research relating to Free and Open Source Software; and Student Innovation, which explores new and exciting work in the FOSS world conducted by students. Presentations may be proposed in a 25-minute talk format (20 minutes talk + 5 minutes discussion).
Elefant (Efficient Learning, Large-scale Inference, and Optimisation Toolkit) is an open source library for machine learning licensed under the Mozilla Public License (MPL). We develop an open source machine learning toolkit which provides
The following article will describe how to configure a CentOS 5.x-based or Centos 6.x-based system to use Fedora Epel repos and third party remi package repos. These package repositories are not officially supported by CentOS, but they provide much more current versions of popular applications like PHP or MYSQL.
If you install macports you can install gcc select, and then choose your gcc version.
/opt/local/bin/port install gcc_select
To see your versions use
port select --list gcc
To select a version use
sudo port select --set gcc gcc40
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D. Arthur, and S. Vassilvitskii. SODA '07: Proceedings of the eighteenth annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms, page 1027--1035. Philadelphia, PA, USA, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, (2007)
M. Surdeanu, J. Turmo, and A. Ageno. KDD '05: Proceedings of the eleventh ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery in data mining, page 685--690. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2005)
C. Daskalakis, P. Goldberg, and C. Papadimitriou. STOC '06: Proceedings of the thirty-eighth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing, page 71--78. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2006)
M. Balcan, A. Blum, and A. Gupta. SODA '09: Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual ACM -SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, page 1068--1077. Philadelphia, PA, USA, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, (2009)
M. B\=adoiu, S. Har-Peled, and P. Indyk. STOC '02: Proceedings of the thiry-fourth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing, page 250--257. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2002)
J. Tang, and P. Lewis. CIVR '08: Proceedings of the 2008 international conference on Content-based image and video retrieval, page 105--112. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2008)
G. Erkan. Proceedings of the main conference on Human Language Technology Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association of Computational Linguistics, page 479--486. Morristown, NJ, USA, Association for Computational Linguistics, (2006)
X. Liu, and W. Croft. SIGIR '04: Proceedings of the 27th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval, page 186--193. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2004)
N. Slonim, and N. Tishby. SIGIR '00: Proceedings of the 23rd annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval, page 208--215. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2000)
O. Kurland, and L. Lee. SIGIR '05: Proceedings of the 28th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval, page 306--313. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2005)
M. Koolen, G. Kazai, and N. Craswell. WSDM '09: Proceedings of the Second ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, page 44--53. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2009)
S. Overell, B. Sigurbjörnsson, and R. van Zwol. WSDM '09: Proceedings of the Second ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, page 64--73. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2009)
D. Ramage, P. Heymann, C. Manning, and H. Garcia-Molina. WSDM '09: Proceedings of the Second ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, page 54--63. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2009)
D. Bollegala, Y. Matsuo, and M. Ishizuka. WSDM '09: Proceedings of the Second ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, page 104--113. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2009)
J. Kamps, and M. Koolen. WSDM '09: Proceedings of the Second ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, page 232--241. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2009)
C. Karande, K. Chellapilla, and R. Andersen. WSDM '09: Proceedings of the Second ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, page 272--281. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2009)
C. Ding, T. Li, D. Luo, and W. Peng. SIGIR '08: Proceedings of the 31st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval, page 831--832. New York, NY, USA, ACM, (2008)