On 4 November 1869, the very first issue of the prominent interdisciplinary scientific journal 'Nature' was published. It is widely regarded as one of the few remaining academic journals that publish original research across a wide range of scientific fields and was ranked the world's most cited journal.
On October 3, 1889, German pacifist and Nobel Laureate Carl von Ossietzky was born. He received the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize for his work in exposing the clandestine German re-armament. In the course of his publications of Germany's alleged violation of the Treaty of Versailles by rebuilding an air force he was convicted of high treason and espionage in 1931.
On February 1812, the English writer and social critic known as one of the greatest novelists of the Victorian period, Charles John Huffam Dickens was born.