Artikel,
Ice-nucleating particles in a coastal tropical site
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 19 (9): 6147-6165 (2019)
DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-6147-2019
Zusammenfassung
Atmospheric aerosol particles that can nucleate ice are referred to as ice-nucleating particles (INPs). Recent studies have confirmed that aerosol particles emitted by the oceans can act as INPs. This very relevant information can be included in climate and weather models to predict the formation of ice in clouds, given that most of them do not consider oceans as a source of INPs. Very few studies that sample INPs have been carried out in tropical latitudes, and there is a need to evaluate their availability to understand the potential role that marine aerosol may play in the hydrological cycle of tropical regions.</p> <p>This study presents results from the first measurements obtained during a field campaign conducted in the tropical village of Sisal, located on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico of the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico in January-February 2017, and one of the few data sets currently available at such latitudes (i.e., 21<span classCombining double low line"inline-formula">ĝ</span> N). Aerosol particles sampled in Sisal are shown to be very efficient INPs in the immersion freezing mode, with onset freezing temperatures in some cases as high as <span classCombining double low line"inline-formula">-3</span> <span classCombining double low line"inline-formula">ĝ</span>C, similarly to the onset temperature from <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i>. The results show that the INP concentration in Sisal was higher than at other locations sampled with the same type of INP counter. Air masses arriving in Sisal after the passage of cold fronts have surprisingly higher INP concentrations than the campaign average, despite their lower total aerosol concentration.</p> <p>The high concentrations of INPs at warmer ice nucleation temperatures (<span classCombining double low line"inline-formula"><math xmlnsCombining double low line"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" idCombining double low line"M4" displayCombining double low line"inline" overflowCombining double low line"scroll" dspmathCombining double low line"mathml"><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo>></mo><mo>-</mo><mn mathvariantCombining double low line"normal">15</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svgCombining double low line"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" widthCombining double low line"41pt" heightCombining double low line"10pt" classCombining double low line"svg-formula" dspmathCombining double low line"mathimg" md5hashCombining double low line"ce91598f53adbff8662460797237c415"><svg:image xmlns:xlinkCombining double low line"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:hrefCombining double low lineäcp-19-6147-2019-ie00001.svg" widthCombining double low line"41pt" heightCombining double low line"10pt" srcCombining double low lineäcp-19-6147-2019-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> <span classCombining double low line"inline-formula">ĝ</span>C) and the supermicron size of the INPs suggest that biological particles may have been a significant contributor to the INP population in Sisal during this study. However, our observations also suggest that at temperatures ranging between <span classCombining double low line"inline-formula">-20</span> and <span classCombining double low line"inline-formula">-30</span> <span classCombining double low line"inline-formula">ĝ</span>C mineral dust particles are the likely source of the measured INPs.</p>. © Author(s) 2019.
