Abstract
Protostellar jets and outflows are signatures of star formation and
promising mechanisms for driving supersonic turbulence in molecular
clouds. We quantify outflow-driven turbulence through three-dimensional
numerical simulations using an isothermal version of the robust total
variation diminishing code. We drive turbulence in real space using a
simplified spherical outflow model, analyse the data through density
probability distribution functions (PDFs), and investigate the core
formation rate per free-fall time (CFR<SUB>ff</SUB>). The real-space
turbulence-driving method produces a negatively skewed density PDF
possessing an enhanced tail on the low-density side. It deviates from
the log-normal distributions typically obtained from Fourier-space
turbulence driving at low densities, but can provide a good fit at high
densities, particularly in terms of mass-weighted rather than
volume-weighted density PDF. Due to this fact, we suggest that the
CFR<SUB>ff</SUB> determined from a Fourier-driven turbulence model could
be comparable to that of our particular real-space-driving model, which
has a ratio of solenoidal to compressional components from the resulting
turbulence velocity fields of ˜0.6.
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