Full-text, online textbook discussing various pharmaceutical, neutraceutical, and lifestyle interventions for enhancing life by facilitating our efforts to reach our fullest potential.
Modafinil induces wakefulness, but its dopamine-releasing action in the nucleus accumbens is weak and dose-dependent; no likelihood of euphoric response ('abuse potential').
A single protein in the brain influences arousal of despair, according to new study in mice. Brain biopsies revealed that mice trying hardest to escape shocks had highest levels of delta-FosB - which may also help humans avoid hopelessness & helplessness.