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Mental Elf Blog post. It is now an increasingly well accepted truism that the origins of mental illness often lie in childhood and adolescence. Most psychological and psychiatric problems present for the first time before the age of 18 years, and even for the remainder there is often a link to important early life risk factors, such as child maltreatment and other psychological or economic adversities.
However, acknowledging that, and doing something useful about it to prevent future mental health problems are different things. To be able to successfully intervene early we need to be able to offer interventions that are effective, acceptable to patients/service users and cost-effective. We also need to work out who these interventions should be offered to.
Journal of Rural Mental Health41.3 (Jul 2017): 189-221.
Depression and anxiety disorder prevalence rates are similar across urbanicity levels, yet rural Americans are less likely to receive mental health treatment. Barriers related to availability, accessibility, and acceptability of care in rural areas have been well documented. Cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) is gold-standard, evidence-based care for these mental health conditions, though its delivery in rural settings has not been systematically assessed. We reviewed the existing literature to identify adaptations made to CBT for depression and anxiety disorders for rural delivery, and to examine the effect of CBT delivered in the rural context on depression and anxiety. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
To our knowledge, no systematic reviews or meta-analyses have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of preventive psychological and/or educational interventions for anxiety in varied populations. Aim- To evaluate the effectiveness of preventive psychological and/or educational interventions for anxiety in varied population types. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Pilot and open trials suggest that imagery-enhanced group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is highly effective for social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, before being considered reliable and generalisable, the effects of the intervention need to be replicated by clinicians in a setting that is independent of the protocol developers. The current study compared outcomes from clients with a principal diagnosis of SAD at the Australian clinic where the protocol was developed (n = 123) to those from an independent Canadian clinic (n = 46) to investigate whether the large effects would generalise.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Reading the title of the study by Noble et al1 in Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, ‘Cognitive-behavioural therapy does not meaningfully reduce depression in most people with epilepsy: a systematic review with a reliable change analysis’, stakeholders in ‘Psychotherapy Incorporated’ may wonder whether they need to rush to their stockbroker and sell their cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) shares. They need not hurry—but they will need to read the whole paper or this comment.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Psychological Medicine; Cambridge Vol. 48, Iss. 13, (Oct 2018): 2177-2185.
Cognitive–behavioral group therapy (CBGT) is a first-line treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, since many patients remain symptomatic post-treatment, there is a need for augmenting procedures. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) examined the potential augmentation effect of attention bias modification (ABM) for CBGT.. To read the full article, log in using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens details.
Inês Pote summarises a recent meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled trials of cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety and related disorders.
Open access. Psychological Medicine; Cambridge Vol. 48, Iss. 12, (Sep 2018): 1945-1953. DOI:10.1017/S0033291717003919
Cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT) for panic disorder may consist of different combinations of several therapeutic components such as relaxation, breathing retraining, cognitive restructuring, interoceptive exposure and/or in vivo exposure. It is therefore important both theoretically and clinically to examine whether specific components of CBT or their combinations are superior to others in the treatment of panic disorder. Component network meta-analysis (NMA) is an extension of standard NMA that can be used to disentangle the treatment effects of different components included in composite interventions.
Clinical depression in children as young as age 3 has been validated, and prevalence rates are similar to the school-age disorder. Homotypic continuity between early and later childhood depression has been observed, with alterations in brain function and structure similar to those reported in depressed adults. These findings highlight the importance of identifying and treating depression as early as developmentally possible, given the relative treatment resistance and small effect sizes for treatments later in life. The authors conducted a randomized controlled trial of a dyadic parent-child psychotherapy for early childhood depression that focuses on enhancing the child’s emotional competence and emotion regulation.. Login at top right hand side of page using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens for full text. SSOTP (legacy account)- Please contact the library to receive a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
This study investigated the long-term outcomes of internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) for children with anxiety disorders, and potential pre-treatment predictors of treatment outcome. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
ABSTRACT FROM: Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, et al. Efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in prevention of depressive relapse: an individual patient data meta-analysis from randomized trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73:565–74. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
The influence of baseline severity has been examined for antidepressant medications but has not been studied properly for cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) in comparison with pill placebo. You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Anxiety and depression, which are highly prevalent in adolescence, are both characterized by a negative attentional bias. As Attentional Bias Modification (ABM) can reduce such a bias, and might also affect emotional reactivity, it could be a promising early intervention. However, a growing number of studies also report comparable improvements in both active and placebo groups. The current study investigated the effects of eight online sessions of visual search (VS) ABM compared to both a VS placebo-training and a no-training control group in adolescents with heightened symptoms of anxiety and/or depression (n = 108). Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Major depressive disorder is a leading global cause of lifelong disability, with the greatest increase in incidence occurring in mid-to-late adolescence into young adulthood. Onset in childhood predicts poor long-term educational, social and health outcomes. Therefore, interventions to prevent depression in children and adolescents have considerable potential to reduce the global burden of depression. Prior research has suggested that selective and indicated prevention interventions targeted, respectively, at high risk or subsyndromal children and young people may outperform universal interventions that deliver to all individuals in the population.1–3 To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
People with social anxiety disorder (SAD) fear social interactions and may be reluctant to seek treatments involving exposure to social situations. Social exposure conducted in virtual reality (VR), embedded in individual cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT), could be an answer. You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.