Adolescence is a period of increased risk for the development of depression. Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that the phenomenology of depression may differ during childhood and adolescence. However, participants in these studies may not reflect depressed young people referred to routine clinical services. The aim of this paper was to describe referrals for depression to a UK routine public healthcare service for children and adolescents with mental health difficulties. Login using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens for full text. SSOTP - You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Previous neuroimaging studies indicate abnormalities in cortico-limbic circuitry in mood disorder. Here we employ prospective longitudinal voxel-based morphometry to examine the trajectory of these abnormalities during early stages of illness development. You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Perinatal suicide is a rare but tragic complication of pregnancy and childbirth with significant public health implications.1 Among women with psychiatric illness, prior research suggests that suicide risk may be increased as much as 70-fold if compared with the general population.2 Beyond this, little is known about risk factors for completed suicide among perinatal women and there is a lack of population-based research on this topic. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details
The exponential proliferation of social media sites has caused wide scale social changes over the last decade or so. The combined result of Web 2.0 coding, smart phone availability and rapid widely available mobile data networks means that we can now all participate in online social communication whenever and wherever we are.
Undoubtedly this has its advantages (or so we think, given that one in seven humans has a Facebook account) in terms of keeping in touch, self-publicising our achievements (or photos of our breakfasts) and networking with others. It also however comes with a darker side; perhaps soaking up time from more meaningful face-to-face interactions, exposing us to cyber-bullying or forcing upon us an endless stream of the selective, sanitized and overstated highlights of our “friends’” lives. (Cf Wait But Why’s excellent blog about Why Generation Y yuppies are so unhappy).
Several studies have been set up trying to answer the question of net benefit versus net cost to our mental health of these new media platforms, and so far mixed results have emerged. Adding perhaps a little more weight to this debate is the recent publication of a large survey in Depression and Anxiety by Liu yi Lin and colleagues from Pittsburgh, entitled: Association between Social Media Use and Depression Among U.S. Young Adults (Lin, 2016).
Panic disorder (PD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. Web-based self-help treatments for PD have had promising results. These online treatments seem to have larger effect sizes (ESs) when professional support is added. However, the amount of support or how it should be administered is not yet clear. The aim of this trial was to study two ways of administering psychological support provided by phone as a part of Internet-based self-help treatment for PD based on cognitive behavioral therapy. Please contact the library to receive a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
The overall lifetime prevalence of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) ranges as high as 9.7%.1 Light therapy, where bright artificial light is used to replace diminished sunlight, can be an effective non-drug treatment for SAD.2 However, alternative non-drug treatment approaches are also needed. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an established and effective treatment for depressive disorders.3 Limited research examining CBT adapted specifically for SAD (CBT-SAD) is available. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details
There is increasing evidence that some glutamatergic drugs could have antidepressant effects. Ketamine as a promising prototype for novel glutamatergic antidepressants has a much faster onset of action and is possibly more efficacious than standard antidepressants.1 Two recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses assessed the antidepressant efficacy (including modes of administration, duration of effect and adverse effects) of ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators in the treatment of unipolar depression (Caddy et al,2 in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews), and, more generally, in mood disorders (Newport et al,3 in the American Journal of Psychiatry). To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details
Scientists have discovered 15 genome sites – the first ever – linked to depression in people of European ancestry. Many of these regions of depression-linked genetic variation turn out to be involved in regulating gene expression and the birth of new neurons in the developing brain.
Older adults with anxiety and/or depression experience additional memory dysfunction beyond that of the normal aging process. However, few studies have examined test bias in memory assessments due to anxiety and/or depressive symptoms. The current study investigated the influence of self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression on the measurement equivalence of memory tests in older adults. Login using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens for full text. SSOTP - You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Some guidelines for the treatment of severe depression recommend that antidepressant medication be used instead of cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT). This is inconsistent with evidence collating individual patient data (IPD) from multiple randomised controlled trials (RCTs).1 IPD meta analyses are one way of increasing statistical power and analysing depressive symptoms of varying severity. A previous IPD meta analysis included only four studies, so may still have lacked statistical power. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
For many years, the presence of depression in the postnatal period has formed the basis of much research into postpartum mental health difficulties. However, as understanding and recognition of perinatal mental health has grown, so has the range of disorders studied.
In more recent years, increasing attention has been drawn to the presence of anxiety disorders during this time-period. So what has the research to-date told us about these difficulties in the postnatal period?
A recent comprehensive review (Goodman et al., 2016) aimed to explore just this. The authors aimed to evaluate the current knowledge-base on diagnosable anxiety disorders in mothers within the first year after childbirth. A meta-analytical approach was used to explore prevalence of each anxiety disorder during this time-period, with additional descriptions provided about key related factors, such as timing of onset, the course of symptoms, possible risk factors, maternal or infant outcomes, and current evidence regarding treatment of these difficulties.
Psychological Assessment28.8 (Aug 2016): 908-916.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Competence and Adherence Scale for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CAS-CBT). The CAS-CBT is an 11-item scale developed to measure adherence and competence in cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders in youth. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Self-care is needed to ensure young people with mental health conditions comply with medication regimens, can do normal activities and can manage the emotional impact of their conditions. Login using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens details for full text. SSOTP - You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you requesting.
The presentation of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents shares similarities and differences with that in adults, and may vary significantly, depending on the age of the individual. Assessment must differentiate anxiety disorders from developmentally appropriate fears as well as medical conditions and drugs that can mimic anxiety states. Aetiology of anxiety disorders in this group encompasses complex genetic and environmental influences. Additional insight into causation is provided by neuroimaging and research into temperament. Recommended interventions include both cognitive–behavioural therapy and pharmacology. Although childhood anxiety disorders generally remit, there remains an increased risk for anxiety and depressive disorders to emerge in adulthood, most likely through heterotypical continuity. Login using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens for full text. SSOTP - You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Although previous studies have assessed whether depression is a mortality risk factor, few have examined whether antidepressant medications (ADMs) influence mortality risk. You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.