PGF is a TeX macro package for generating graphics. It is platform- and format-independent and works together with the most important TeX backend drivers, including pdftex and dvips. It comes with a user-friedly syntax layer called TikZ.
Asymptote is a powerful descriptive vector graphics language that provides a natural coordinate-based framework for technical drawing. Labels and equations are typeset with LaTeX, for high-quality PostScript output.
PiX, a collection of batch utilities for GNU/Linux and similar platforms, creates mathematically accurate figures, plots, and movies using easy-to-learn syntax. The output is expressly suitable for use with LaTeX; figures may be written in a LaTeX picture environment containing PSTricks, tikz, or eepic macros, or as vector (EPS or PDF) image files.