Policymakers must do more than tell people to show greater willpower if government is to crack the obesity problem, says a new report from the British Psychological Society.
Intermittent fasting has been a popular diet plan since the 5:2 diet, where you eat normally for 5 days and fast for 2, hit the headlines.
But intermittent fasting is not safe or suitable for all people, such as those with long-term health conditions or a history of eating disorders.
And the researchers involved in this study made the point of warning that alternate day fasting should not be tried without medical advice. Speak to a GP for advice before starting.
The prevalence of obesity in adolescents with Down syndrome (DS) far exceeds that in the general population. Cortisol, an adrenal hormone, can be obesogenic when dysregulated. However, the diurnal patterns of this hormone have not been examined among individuals with DS. Variations in adiposity may also mediate cortisol regulation. This study sought to examine diurnal cortisol patterns in adolescents with DS as well as associations between cortisol function and obesity.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens details. To access full-text: click “Log in/Register” (top right hand side). Click ‘Institutional Login’ then select 'OpenAthens Federation', then ‘NHS England’. Enter your Athens details to view the article.
To describe the associations between dysphagia and malnutrition risk and to identify predictors for dysphagia in a group of persons at risk of malnutrition in hospitals and nursing homes.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens details. To access full-text: click “Log in/Register” (top right hand side). Click ‘Institutional Login’ then select 'OpenAthens Federation', then ‘NHS England’. Enter your Athens details to view the article.
Psychological Medicine; Cambridge Vol. 49, Iss. 13, (Oct 2019): 2256-2266. DOI:10.1017/S0033291718003197
Background
Jumping to conclusions (JTC), which is the proneness to require less information before forming beliefs or making a decision, has been related to formation and maintenance of delusions. Using data from the National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre Genetics and Psychosis (GAP) case–control study of first-episode psychosis (FEP), we set out to test whether the presence of JTC would predict poor clinical outcome at 4 years.. To read the full article, log in using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens details.
The report makes recommendations to address and reduce childhood obesity. These aim to change behaviours and norms, building on existing commitments, and range from extending the Soft Drinks Industry Levy to sweetened milk-based drinks to improving air quality and safety in our built environment in order to create opportunities for children to be active and healthy.
To compare the odds of depression in obese and overweight children with that in normal-weight children in the community.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
This study adds to the growing body of evidence showing a link between poor sleep and weight gain.
But there are many other factors besides sleep that can affect weight. And the small size of the study suggests the results may not be reliable.
While the study results are theoretically interesting, they don't show any actual, physical evidence of increased weight loss or improved weight maintenance for people who followed a low-carb diet rather than a high- or moderate-carb diet.
The study has a number of limitations. The authors say that using isotopically labelled water has been shown to be "the gold standard method for [measurement of total energy expenditure] in free living people".
But as the study doesn't include evidence of different weight loss from people on the 3 diets, we can't tell whether the measured difference in energy expenditure actually results in differences in weight loss.
We'd like to hear your suggestions for new book alert topics. Simply reply to this email with 'Book Alert Topic' and your suggestions. You can also view and sign-up to our current new book alerts here: http://library.sssft.nhs.uk/librarykeepuptodate
There has long been an impression that overweight children are more likely to wheeze, but although the association has been well-defined in adults, until now studies in children have been inconclusive. Asthma definition is problematic, particularly as ‘physician-diagnosed’ asthma with no objective measures may be subject to bias: overweight children may be more likely to report feeling breathless, and doctors may be more inclined to declare a fat child to be asthmatic than a thin one.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Short report: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is independently associated with health and academic attainment in childhood and adolescence. Yet overweight/obesity remains the focus in public health policy. Surveillance of body mass index (BMI) and CRF considering school deprivation levels is limited. Therefore, we examined this in English primary schools.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Non-sugar substitutes might be preferable to lots of sugar, but a better option might be to cut out sweetened food or drinks, or reduce how often we have them. As an independent expert quoted in The Guardian puts it: "replacement of sugary drinks with artificial sweeteners … is not superior to the preferred alternative – water".
This ad hoc statistical publication presents analyses of National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) data collected in the 2016 to 2017 school year. It shows how child obesity prevalence varies by ethnicity, after adjustment for other explanatory variables.
Effective management of diabetes mellitus requires lifelong adherence to a plan that incorporates lifestyle changes, exercise and diet. Following a dietary plan is a fundamental component of diabetes management because this can regulate the body’s supply of glucose and lipids, resulting in weight reduction, an improved response to pharmacotherapies, and optimal control of the patient’s glycaemic status and lipid profile. This article examines the components of nutrition therapy recommended for people with diabetes. To read the full article, log in using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens details.
To investigate the frequency of coeliac disease (CD)-specific human leucocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes in paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), who are known to have a higher prevalence of CD than the general population, and to evaluate whether HLA genotyping is a suitable first-line screening method for CD.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Benjamin Janaway on a recent mendelian randomisation study that evaluates of the causal effects between subjective wellbeing and cardiometabolic health.
This statistical report presents information on obesity, physical activity and diet, drawn together from a variety of sources.
The topics covered include: •Obesity related hospital admissions. •Prescription items for the treatment of obesity. •Adult obesity prevalence. •Childhood obesity prevalence. •Physical activity levels among adults and children. •Diet among adults and children, including trends in purchases, and consumption of food and drink and energy intake.
Open access. Obesity and caries in young people are issues of public health concern. Even though research into the relationship between the two conditions has been conducted for many years, to date the results remain equivocal. The aim of this paper was to determine the nature of the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and caries in children and adolescents, by conducting a systematic review of the published literature.
After realising how much money they were spending on renting suitable venues for their ‘Save waste, save food, save money’ course, they decided to take the session down to their team allotment in Dewsbury.
The team are now in the second year of tending to their allotment and have seen it go from strength to strength. Every Monday a small group of service users and staff get their hands dirty sprouting a variety of fruit and vegetables, including cucumber, tomatoes, lettuce, spinach and onions.
Tomato juice may have health benefits, but we cannot tell that from this study. Meanwhile, if you enjoy tomatoes and tomato juice as part of a balanced, healthy diet, there's no reason not to continue to do so.
Open access. To improve the postdischarge growth of exclusively breastfed preterm infants, born weighing ≤1.8 kg, by using breast milk fortifier (BMF) supplements postdischarge until 48 weeks’ gestational age
Children have already exceeded the maximum recommended sugar intake for an 18 year old by the time they reach their tenth birthday, according to Public Health England (PHE). This is based on their total sugar consumption from the age of 2.
We've added 10 new Be Aware updates following your suggestions:
Musculoskeletal ; Osteoporosis ; Nutrition and obesity ; Falls ; HR ; Research Methods ; Information Governance ; Bladder, bowel and pelvic healthcare ; Rheumatology ; Medicines and healthcare products regulatory agency (circulated email)
Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses explaining the relationship between carbohydrate quality and health have usually examined a single marker and a limited number of clinical outcomes. We aimed to more precisely quantify the predictive potential of several markers, to determine which markers are most useful, and to establish an evidence base for quantitative recommendations for intakes of dietary fibre.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
BPS If you’re planning to take off weight in the new year and it suddenly seems like food is everywhere – and is especially enticing – that’s probably your mind playing a particularly unhelpful trick on you. Thinking about food, even in terms of trying to avoid it, can actually make it more likely that you’ll notice food in your environment, especially if you’re already overweight or obese.
That’s according to a recent study in the International Journal of Obesity that compared how overweight and healthy weight people pay attention to food. Food cues – sights, smells, advertisements and social contexts like parties – are everywhere these days, so understanding why some people find it harder to ignore them could be key to designing weight loss programmes.
This study provides little evidence that can help people trying to lose weight safely.
It shows only that certain types of laboratory rat put on weight and have raised blood pressure if fed a high-fat diet, and that this may be linked to inflammatory cells in the body.
Aside from being a study in rats, the study is also short term and based on a diet that's not fed to people.
This document provides a guide to developing key performance indicators for child and family weight management services. Use these KPIs in line with the service guide.
Open access. The prevalence of asthma and obesity have increased over the last decades. A possible association between these two chronic illnesses has been suggested, since the prevalence of asthmatic symptoms rises with increasing Body Mass Index (BMI). However, asthma is only one of several possible causes of shortness of breath in obese children. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of overtreatment with asthma medication in a cohort overweight/obese children with respiratory symptoms visiting a pediatric outpatient clinic.
It's difficult to know how much confidence the conclusions of this review warrants. All of the evidence was assessed to be "low" or "very low certainty" by the researchers themselves, meaning the results could be unreliable.
Also, even a small reduction in risk of common health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and cancer could make a big difference at a population level.
Arguably it would be prudent to stick to World Cancer Research Fund recommendations, at least until higher-quality evidence becomes available.
This document has been co-produced with a number of professional organisations for the public health workforce.
It describes the intent of professional organisations to work together, support and enable the public health workforce to have healthier weight conversations and maximise population behaviour change, helping individuals and communities significantly reduce their risk of obesity, in order to support the national ambition to halve childhood obesity rates by 2030.
A report published by Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition on the role of saturated fats and health concludes there's no need to change current advice.
Factors that influence the health of our blood vessels, such as smoking, high blood pressure, obesity and diabetes are linked to less healthy brains, according to new research part-funded by the MRC.
A new website has been launched to help people in Shropshire who are struggling to afford a healthy diet. The Shropshire Larder website brings together local information on how to eat well on a budget, how to access money advice, and the location of foodbanks and other community food projects around the county.
it's not possible to prove not eating breakfast directly increased risk of cardiovascular death. Other lifestyle habits, like unhealthy diet and being inactive, which are also associated with not eating breakfast, could be clouding the link.
Overall the study supports general understanding that it's good to eat a breakfast as part of a healthy lifestyle, but the quality of what you're eating for breakfast is important too.
Severe mental illness (SMI) is thought to be associated with lower diet quality and adverse eating behaviours contributing towards physical health disparities. A rigorous review of the studies looking at dietary intake in psychotic disorders and bipolar disorder is lacking.. To read the full article, log in using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens details.