Longtemps l'idée d'une industrie numérique propre car « immatérielle » a dominé les esprits. Contre les géants du pétrole et de l'automobile, la Silicon Valley semblait l'alliée naturelle des politiques de lutte contre le réchauffement climatique. Cette illusion se dissipe. Une enquête conduite sur plusieurs continents révèle le coût environnemental exorbitant du secteur des hautes technologies.
This article provides an introduction to the use of altmetrics as a tool to assess research impact. In particular, it looks at the evidence behind claims that altmetrics allow the impact of research to be measured in days rather than years. Low correlations between altmetrics and article citations make it doubtful that altmetrics can reliably predict future citations. In addition, there are good reasons to qualify statements that altmetrics measure the wider impact of research on society. Librarians should be careful not to overstate the value of altmetrics when recommending their use as a complement to more traditional measures of research quality.
This paper presents a review of altmetrics or alternative metrics. This concept is defined as the creation and study of new indicators for analysing scientific and academic research activity based onWeb 2.0. The underlying premise is that variables such as mentions in blogs, numberof tweets or saves ofan articleby researchersin reference management systems, may be a valid measure of the use and impactof scientific publications. In this respect,these measuresare becoming particularly relevant, being at the centre of debate within the bibliometric community. Firstly,an explanation is given of the main platforms and indicators for this type of measurement. Subsequently,a study is undertaken of a selection of papers from the field of communication, comparing the number of citations received withtheir 2.0 indicators.The results show that the most cited articles within recent years also have significantly higher altmetric indicators. Next follows a review of the principal empirical studies undertaken, centering on the correlations between bibliometric and alternative indicators. To conclude, the main limitations of altmetrics are highlighted,alongside a reflective consideration of the role altmetrics may play in capturing the impactof research in Web 2.0 platforms.
The third-party cookie is dying, and Google is trying to create its replacement. No one should mourn the death of the cookie as we know it. For more than two decades, the third-party cookie has been the lynchpin in a shadowy, seedy, multi-billion dollar advertising-surveillance industry on the Web...
The 25 companies involved come from a broad range of sectors, including payment providers Visa and Nexi, carmakers Toyota and Mercedes and global healthcare company GlaxoSmithKline.
We need tough, bristly conversation and to cultivate tools of non-violent communication. It’s hard to hate up close, even for people who you believe are hateful. I implore you to reach out to folks with whom you disagree and ask to get on the phone.
2005: I Expressen talas det om ny "ny mjukvara", Darknet, som skall gör det möjligt att byta information anonymt och låta fildelarna vinna upphovsrättskriget en gång för alla. Jag ser att Copyriot hittade samma sak i Aftonbladet och visar hur okunnig och missvisande notisen var. Jag skall inte upprepa Rasmus Fleischers kritik utan i stället gör jag en sammanfattning av det "papper" som myntade det underbara begreppet "darknet" 2002: "The Darknet and the Future of Content Distribution" (.pdf), skrivet av fyra forskare på Microsoft. Jag kan ju avslöja att deras framtidsprediktion inte var speciellt ljus för upphovsrättsindustrin. Grundidén är att folk har information. Om de vill kopiera denna och överföra mellan sig gör de det. Det uppstår då spontana nätverk. Ett tidigt exempel är "the sneaker net", dvs transport med hjälp av gympadojjor! Man travade i vänkretsen hem till varandra med kopierade musikkasetter och videos. Medlemsskap i nätet skedde genom att...
ACM Workshop on Digital Rights Management November 18, 2002
Originally published at http://www.crypto.stanford.edu/DRM2002/prog.html
Författarna var forskare vid Microsoft (https://swartz.typepad.com/texplorer/2005/08/darknet_s_funka.html)
Abstract: We investigate the darknet – a collection of networks and technologies used to share digital content. The darknet is not a separate physical network but an application and protocol layer riding on existing networks. Examples of darknets are peer-to-peer file sharing, CD and DVD copying, and key or password sharing on email and newsgroups. The last few years have seen vast increases in the darknet’s aggregate bandwidth, reliability, usability, size of shared library, and availability of search engines. In this paper we categorize and analyze existing and future darknets, from both the technical and legal perspectives. We speculate that there will be short-term impediments to the effectiveness of the darknet as a distribution mechanism, but ultimately the darknet-genie will not be put back into the bottle. In view of this hypothesis, we examine the relevance of content protection and content distribution architectures.
How a group of often overlooked countries could hold the keys to the future of the global internet
By: Robert Morgus, Jocelyn Woolbright, Justin Sherman
Last updated on October 23rd, 2018
Council on Foreign Relations , Blog Post by Steven Feldstein November 30
Democracies should ask themselves whether forming yet another elite club of wealthy states represents the best means to counter China’s and fellow authoritarians’ digital rise.
How Should Democracies Confront China’s Digital Rise? Weighing the Merits of a T-10 Alliance. "Finally, before the United States assumes global leadership on tech policy, it needs to determine what its own orientation will be."
After two years of grueling, complex and contentious debate, the ICANN EPDP team delivered its Phase 2 Final Report on July 31st, 2020. Unfortunately, and disappointingly, the policy recommended for the so-called "System for Standardized Access/Disclosure" (SSAD) fails to meet the needs of the users it supposedly is designed to benefit.
"GPT-3 is the latest and greatest in the AI world, achieving state-of-the-art in a range of tasks. Its main breakthrough is eliminating the need for task-specific fine-tuning. In terms of size, the model drastically scales up once again, reaching 175 billion parameters, or 116x the size of its predecessor."
In 2017, researchers asked: Could AI write most code by 2040? OpenAI’s GPT-3, now in use by beta testers, can already code in any language. Machine-dominated coding is almost at our doorstep. GPT-3…
The Internet Society and Facebook will collaborate in promoting IXP infrastructure development, training and community engagement with the objective of increasing the number of IXPs and supporting the expansion of existing IXPs to meet the growing demand in Africa.
Daniel Pimienta & Luis Germán Rodríguez
6/2020
KEYWORDS: Internet, virtual community, social network, technological giants, digital emergency, information literacy, multi-stakeholder, global knowledge society, egomation
a book review
Albert-László Barabási explained the processes underpinning such a neofeudalism in his analysis of the structure of complex networks, that is, networks characterized by free choice, growth, and preferential attachment. These are networks where people voluntarily make links or choices. The number of links per site grow over time, and people like things because others like them (the Netflix recommendation system, for instance, relies on this assumption).
Thanks to the laborious stewardship of the blessed Internet Archive and the unyielding armies of Wikipedia’s citizen scholars, we may, within our lifetimes, reach a consensus on basic historical information.
The Software Freedom Law Center provides legal representation and other law related services to protect and advance Free and Open Source Software. Eben Moglen. The Freedom Box
La fondation Digital New Deal est le think tank de la nouvelle donne numérique pour un internet européen et humaniste. Olivier Sichel Président, Arno Pons délégué général.
While there is a lot of talk about security, privacy and personal data protection, the bigger issue, that is rarely addressed, is the economics of data.
intervju med Parminder, april 2020
2018
Amazon is the leading cloud provider for the United States intelligence community. In 2013, Amazon entered into a $600 million contract with the CIA to build a cloud for use by intelligence agencies working with information classified as Top Secret. Then, in 2017, Amazon announced the AWS Secret Region, which allows storage of data classified up to the Secret level by a broader range of agencies and companies. Amazon also operates a special GovCloud region for US Government agencies hosting unclassified information.
noviembre 19, 2019 - The ambitious European cloud project ‘Gaia X' intends to become the ‘European Cloud,' as a European alternative to the U.S. and Asian hyperscalers such as AWS, GCP, Azure, Alibaba Cloud and Tencent Cloud. The question is, will Gaia X really become THE public cloud for the European market?
Ethan Zuckerman: My friends at the Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia have just published a new paper from me on the topic of digital public infrastructures. This is an idea I started talking about in an article for the Columbia Journalism Review late last year, and presented at a terrific conference called “The Tech Giants, Monopoly Power, and Public Discourse”.
"Our solutions cannot be limited to asking these platforms to do a better job of meeting their civic obligations — we need to consider what technologies we want and need for digital media to have a productive role in democratic societies."
Le 25 novembre dernier, en marge de l'Internet Governance Forum (IGF), à Berlin, un réseau d'activistes et d'intellectuels a publié un « manifeste (...)
Just Net Coalition: There is an urgent need to establish legal regimes that assert the rights and ownership of people over their data, both individually and collectively.
HISTORY OWKIN was co-founded in 2016 by Thomas Clozel, MD, a clinical research doctor and former assistant professor in clinical hematology and Gilles Wain